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The Akkadians and The Babylonians

The Akkadians and The Babylonians. In this lesson, students will examine civilizations that developed in Mesopotamia. Students will be able to define the following terms: The Akkadians The Babylonians The Code of Hammurabi. “Mesopotamia” is a Greek term. It means

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The Akkadians and The Babylonians

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  1. The Akkadians and The Babylonians E. Napp In this lesson, students will examine civilizations that developed in Mesopotamia. Students will be able to define the following terms: The Akkadians The Babylonians The Code of Hammurabi

  2. E. Napp “Mesopotamia” is a Greek term. It means “between rivers”. It is the land between Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

  3. The Sumerians • The Sumerians developed an early civilization in Mesopotamia. • The Sumerians lived in independent city-states. • The Sumerian city-states never united. E. Napp

  4. E. Napp The Sumerians built ziggurats or temples To their gods.

  5. Sargon I • Eventually, Sargon I united the city-states of Mesopotamia. • Sargon I ruled a kingdom north of Sumer called Akkad. • The Akkadians ruled the city-states of Mesopotamia. E. Napp

  6. E. Napp Sargon I was a powerful Akkadian ruler. He built the first empire when he conquered the city-states of Mesopotamia.

  7. E. Napp The Akkadians had their own language but used Sumerian cuneiform to keep records.

  8. Akkad • city located along the western bank of the Euphrates River • set the standard for future forms of government in Mesopotamia • Sargon (or his scribes) claimed that the Akkadian Empire stretched from the Persian Gulf through modern-day Kuwait, Iraq, Jordan, Syria (possibly Lebanon) • five rulers of Akkad who maintained the dynasty for 142 years before it collapsed E. Napp

  9. The Babylonians • Around 1800 B.C., a new city-state arose in Mesopotamia. • It was called Babylon. • Hammurabi was an important king of Babylon. He conquered the Akkadians and the Sumerians. • “Gate of the Gods” • Tower of Babel • Hanging Gardens of Babylon • Conquered by Persia E. Napp

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  11. Babylon • Babylon is the most famous city from ancient Mesopotamia whose ruins lie in modern-day Iraq • Akkadian language of the time, meant ‘Gate of God’ or `Gate of the Gods’ • Biblical references • Hammurabi was the most famous king of Babylon • In 539 BCE the empire fell to the Persians under Cyrus the Great at the Battle of Opis E. Napp

  12. Hammurabi • Hammurabi’s Code • enlarged and heightened the walls of the city • engaged in great public works which included opulent temples and canals • made diplomacy an integral part of his administration • united all of Mesopotamia under the rule of Babylon which, at this time, was the largest city in the world, and named his realm Babylonia. E. Napp

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  15. The Code of Hammurabi • He created the first written law code. • The Code of Hammurabi provided harsh punishments. It also treated people differently based on social class. E. Napp

  16. Questions for Reflection: • Why was Sargon I a significant ruler? • Provide an example of cultural diffusion from the Akkadian conquest of the Sumerian city-states. • Who was Hammurabi? • What did Hammurabi create? • Why is it said that “divisions existed between the social classes” in the Code of Hammurabi? E. Napp

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