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The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter (Gases)

The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter (Gases). Chapter 10 Section 1. Behavior of Particles. ______________________ : a theory that explains the behavior of systems based on the idea that particles of matter are always ____ ____________

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The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter (Gases)

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  1. The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Matter (Gases) Chapter 10 Section 1

  2. Behavior of Particles • ______________________: a theory that explains the behavior of systems based on the idea that particles of matter are always ____ ____________ • Explains properties of matter in terms of the _____ of the particles and the _____ that act between them

  3. Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases • The theory provides a ______for an ideal gas. • ______________: a hypothetical gas that ____________all the assumptions of the ________________________ • __________: a gas that does ____behave completely according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory

  4. Five Assumptions • Gases consist of large numbers of tiny _________that are _______relative to their ________ • __________between gas particles and between particles and container walls are _________collisions • ____________: one in which there is no _________________________(energy is not transferred between the particles)

  5. Assumptions • Gas particles are in __________, ____, ______motion. They therefore possess _________energy • There are no __________________ between gas particles • The ____________of a gas depends on the average _________________of the particles of the gas

  6. Physical Properties • ______________ • Gas particles move rapidly in all ___________with no ____________ • This explains why gases do not have a ______________________ • They completely fill the ___________and take its _____________

  7. Fluidity • The ability of particles of a substance to _________past one another. • Gas particles slip and slide past each other ___________. • They flow like ___________. • Both liquids and gases are referred to as _______________.

  8. Low Density and High Compressibility • The particles are ___________from each other • ___________________(D = m/V) • The gas particles __________crowded closer together • The volume can be greatly _________ by _________________the gas

  9. Diffusion • ___________: spontaneous mixing of the particles of two substances caused by their __________________ • Gases spread out without being stirred or ____________. • The gas particles will naturally move throughout the available ____________.

  10. Effusion • _____________: a process by which gas particles pass through a ____________ • An example of this would be the air coming out of a leak in a car tire. • Molecules of ______mass effuse _____ than molecules of _________mass (the “lighter” molecules move faster)

  11. Deviations of Real Gases from Ideal Behavior • All real gases deviate from ideal behavior to some extent. • At very __________________and ____ ________________, when compared to “normal” conditions, real gases are ____ likely to behave _________.

  12. Non-ideal Behavior • Gases whose particles have ______ __________for each other, like the noble gases, behave closest to ideal behavior. These are _____________elements and compounds. • The more _______the molecule of gas, the ______likely it is to behave _______.

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