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Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Design

Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Design. Architecture and Design Louis Sullivan “Our architecture reflects us truly as a mirror” Form Follows Function Mainly identified with the style of Frank Lloyd Wright

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Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Design

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  1. Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Design • Architecture and Design • Louis Sullivan • “Our architecture reflects us truly as a mirror” • Form Follows Function • Mainly identified with the style of Frank Lloyd Wright • Any architectural form (shape, object) should have an intended practical purpose and should perform a function

  2. Aesthetic value • Appreciation of form, beauty, and uniqueness • Functionalism • Quality of being useful • Lead to the development of the organic concept • All materials, functions, forms, and surroundings are coordinated in harmony with nature • Interior design • Furnishings should be closely related to exterior architecture for consistent design

  3. Creativity • Architects and interior designers apply the elements and principles of design

  4. Elements of Design • Line • Produces a sense of movement or produce a greater sense of length or height • Color • -Has influence on the final appearance of design • Form • -Lines joined together and create the shape of an area • -Circles and ovals convey a feeling of completeness • -Squares and rectangles produce a feeling of mathematical precision • -Whether the form of an object is open, closed, solid, hollow, the form should be determined by it’s function

  5. Space • Surrounds forn and is contained within it • Architectural Design includes the art of defining space and space relationships • Light (value) • Reflects the surfaces of a form • Texture • Refers to the surface finish of an object • Roughness, coarseness, or fineness • Materials • Raw substances with which designers create

  6. All Elements of Design Can strengthen or diminish interest

  7. Designer must understand the nature and relationship of COLORS • Divided into three categories Primary Secondary Tertiary

  8. Primary • Cannot be made up from a combination of colors Red Yellow Blue

  9. Secondary • Made up of equal mixtures of two primary colors Blue + Yellow = Green Blue + Red = Violet + Red Yellow = Orange 

  10. Tertiary • Primary color and neighboring secondary color mixture Red + Orange = Red-Orange Red + Violet = Red-Violet Yellow + Green = Yellow-Green Yellow + Orange = Yellow-Orange Blue + Green = Blue-Green Blue + Violet = Blue-Violet

  11. Neutral White Gray Black

  12. Color Quality • Distinguishing accuracy • Hue • Basic consistent identity • Ex: Blue, blue-green, yellow-green,yellow • Lighter or darker does not matter, the hue stays the same • Value • Lightness or darkness of hue • Can dramatically change the mood of a room

  13. Value • Lightness or darkness of hue • Can dramatically change the mood of a room • Tint • Lighter(or higher) in value than the normal value • Produced by adding white to a color • Lighter tint of hue will make a room look larger in area • Shade • Darker (or lower) in value than the normal value • Produced by adding black to a color • Dark shade will make a room look smaller in area

  14. Tone • Produced by adding gray to the normal color • Intensity • Degree of purity (or brightness) of a color • Free from neutralizing factors • Chroma

  15. Principles of Design • Guidelines for how to combine the elements of design • Balance • Equilibrium (feeling of stability) • Informally balanced (asymmetrical) • Formally balanced (symmetrical)

  16. Rhythm and repetition • Same pattern used over and over; creates a sense of motion • Emphasis • Draws a viewer’s attention to an area or subject • Subordination • Occurs when emphasis is achieved through design. Other features become less noticeable • Proportion • Assures appropriate sizing of components

  17. Variety • Also called contrast • Do not create too much unity, rhythm, or repetition or you will lose variety • Opposition • Use of contrasting elements for variety • Transition • To change from one color to another or from a curved line to a straight line • Must maintain the same unity

  18. Unity • Creates a sense of wholeness

  19. House on the Rock Designed and built by Alex Jordan from Madison WI

  20. Winchester Mystery House Home Page Haunted Winchester

  21. Louis Sullivan’s Bradley House Madison, Wisconsin

  22. Brief History of Louis Sullivan

  23. Brief History of Frank Lloyd Wright

  24. Wingspread- Wind Point, Wisconsin

  25. Unitarian Meeting House Madison Wisconsin

  26. Fallingwater Ohiopyle (Bear Run), Pennsylvania

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