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FAST Protocols for High Speed Network

FAST Protocols for High Speed Network. David Wei @ netlab, Caltech For HENP WG, Feb 1st 2003. WAN in Lab Caltech. research & production networks. Internet : distributed feedback control system TCP : adapts sending rate to congestion AQM : feeds back congestion information. R f (s). x.

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FAST Protocols for High Speed Network

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  1. FAST Protocolsfor High Speed Network David Wei @ netlab, Caltech For HENP WG, Feb 1st 2003

  2. WAN in Lab Caltech research & production networks • Internet: distributed feedback control system • TCP: adapts sending rate to congestion • AQM: feeds back congestion information Rf (s) x y Chicago CERN TCP AQM q p Rb’(s) StarLight Calren2/Abilene Geneva Multi-Gbps 50-200ms delay SURFNet Theory Experiment Amsterdam Implementation equilibrium 155Mb/s 10Gb/s slow start FAST retransmit time out FAST recovery FAST Protocols for Ultrascale Networks People Faculty Doyle (CDS,EE,BE) Low (CS,EE) Newman (Physics) Paganini (UCLA) Staff/Postdoc Bunn (CACR) Jin (CS) Ravot (Physics) Singh (CACR) Students Choe (Postech/CIT) Hu (Williams) J. Wang (CDS) Z.Wang (UCLA) Wei (CS) Industry Doraiswami (Cisco) Yip (Cisco) Partners CERN, Internet2, CENIC, StarLight/UI, SLAC, AMPATH, Cisco netlab.caltech.edu/FAST

  3. FAST project • Goal: Protocols (TCP/AQM) for ultrascale networks • Bandwidth: 10Mbps ~ > 100 Gbps • Delay: 50-200ms delay • Research: Theory, algorithms, design, implement, demo, deployment • Urgent Need: • Large amount of Data to share (500TB in SLAC) • Typical file in SLAC transfer ~1 TB (15 mins with 10Gbps)

  4. NewYork ABILENE UK STARLIGHT SuperJANET4 ESNET NL GENEVA SURFnet Wave Triangle GEANT CALREN It STAR-TAP GARR-B Fr Renater HEP Network (DataTAG) • 2.5 Gbps Wavelength Triangle 2002 • 10 Gbps Triangle in 2003 Newman (Caltech)

  5. ’01 155 ’02 622 ’03 2.5 Projected performance ’04 5 ’05 10 Ns-2: capacity = 155Mbps, 622Mbps, 2.5Gbps, 5Gbps, 10Gbps 100 sources, 100 ms round trip propagation delay J. Wang (Caltech)

  6. Current TCP (Linux Reno) Throughput as function of the time Chicago -> CERN Linux kernel 2.4.19 Traffic generated by iperf (I measure the throughput over the last 5 sec) TCP single stream RTT = 119ms MTU = 1500 Duration of the test : 2 hours By Sylvain Ravot (Caltech)

  7. Current TCP (Linux Reno) As MTU increase… 1.5K, 4K, 9K … By Sylvain Ravot (Caltech)

  8. Better? ???? By Some Dreamers (Somewhere) 

  9. FAST Sunnyval -> CERN Linux kernel 2.4.18-FAST enabled RTT = 180 ms MTU = 1500 Network • CERN (Geneva)  SLAC (Sunnyvale), GE, Standard MTU By C. Jin & D. Wei (Caltech)

  10. Theoretical Background

  11. Congestion control R xi(t) xi(t) xi(t)

  12. Congestion control AQM: Example congestion measure pl(t) • Loss (Reno) • Queueing delay (Vegas) yl(t) →pl(t) xi(t) xi(t) xi(t) TCP pl(t)

  13. pl(t) • AQM: • DropTail • RED • REM/PI • AVQ xi(t) TCP: • Reno • Vegas TCP/AQM • Congestion control is a distributed asynchronous algorithm to share bandwidth • It has two components • TCP: adapts sending rate (window) to congestion • AQM: adjusts & feeds back congestion information • They form a distributed feedback control system • Equilibrium & stability depends on both TCP and AQM • And on delay, capacity, routing, #connections

  14. Equilibrium • Performance • Throughput, loss, delay • Fairness • Utility Dynamics • Local stability • Cost of stabilization Methodology Protocol (Reno, Vegas, RED, REM/PI…)

  15. Goal: Fast AQM Scalable TCP • Equilibrium properties • Uses end-to-end delay (and loss) as congestion measure • Achieves any desired fairness, expressed by utility function • Very high bandwidth utilization (99% in theory) • Stability properties • Stability for arbitrary delay, capacity, routing & load • Good performance • Negligible queueing delay & loss introduced by the protocol • Fast response

  16. Implementation and Experiment

  17. Implementation First Version (demonstrated in SuperComputing Conf, Nov 2002): • Sender-side kernel modification (Good for File sharing service) • Challenges: • Effects ignored in theory • Large window size and high speed

  18. Network Topology Geneva 7000km Sunnyvale Baltimore 3000km 1000km Chicago SC2002 Baltimore, Nov 2002 Highlights SCinetCaltech-SLAC experiments • FAST TCP • Standard MTU • Peak window = 14,255 pkts • Throughput averaged over > 1hr • 925 Mbps single flow/GE card • 9.28 petabit-meter/sec • 1.89 times LSR • 8.6 Gbps with 10 flows • 34.0 petabit-meter/sec • 6.32 times LSR • 21TB in 6 hours with 10 flows 10 9 Geneva-Sunnyvale 7 #flows FAST 2 Baltimore-Sunnyvale 1 2 1 I2 LSR netlab.caltech.edu/FAST C. Jin, D. Wei, S. Low FAST Team and Partners

  19. FAST BMPS Mbps = 106 b/s; GB = 230 bytes • C. Jin, D. Wei, S. Low • FAST Team and Partners

  20. FAST BMPS Mbps = 106 b/s; GB = 230 bytes • C. Jin, D. Wei, S. Low • FAST Team and Partners

  21. FAST BMPS Mbps = 106 b/s; GB = 230 bytes • C. Jin, D. Wei, S. Low • FAST Team and Partners

  22. FAST BMPS Mbps = 106 b/s; GB = 230 bytes • C. Jin, D. Wei, S. Low • FAST Team and Partners

  23. FAST Aggregate throughput 88% FAST • Standard MTU • Utilization averaged over > 1hr 90% 90% Average utilization 92% 95% 6hr 1.1hr 6hr 1hr 1hr 1 flow 2 flows 7 flows 9 flows 10 flows C. Jin, D. Wei, S. Low

  24. FAST vs Linux TCP (2.4.18-3) 92% FAST • Standard MTU • Utilization averaged over 1hr 2G 48% Average utilization 95% 1G 27% 16% 19% txq=100 txq=10000 Linux TCP Linux TCP FAST Linux TCP Linux TCP FAST C. Jin (Caltech)

  25. Trial Deployment FAST Kernel Installed: • SLAC: Les Cottrell, etc. www-iepm.slac.stanford.edu/monitoring/bulk/fast • FermiLab: Michael Ernst, etc. Coming soon: • 10-Gbps NIC Testing (Sunnyval - CERN) • Internet2 • …

  26. Detailed Information: • Home Page: http://Netlab.caltech.edu/FAST • Theory: http://netlab.caltech.edu/FAST/overview.html • Implementation & Testing: http://netlab.caltech.edu/FAST/software.html • Publications: http://netlab.caltech.edu/FAST/publications.html

  27. Acknowledgments netlab.caltech.edu/FAST FAST • Theory • D. Choe (Postech/Caltech), J. Doyle, S. Low, F. Paganini (UCLA), J. Wang, Z. Wang (UCLA) • Prototype • C. Jin, D. Wei • Experiment/facilities • Caltech: J. Bunn, C. Chapman, C. Hu (Williams/Caltech), H. Newman, J. Pool, S. Ravot (Caltech/CERN), S. Singh • CERN: O. Martin, P. Moroni • Cisco: B. Aiken, V. Doraiswami, R. Sepulveda, M. Turzanski, D. Walsten, S. Yip • DataTAG: E. Martelli, J. P. Martin-Flatin • Internet2: G. Almes, S. Corbato • Level(3): P. Fernes, R. Struble • SCinet: G. Goddard, J. Patton • SLAC: G. Buhrmaster, R. Les Cottrell, C. Logg, I. Mei, W. Matthews, R. Mount, J. Navratil, J. Williams • StarLight: T. deFanti, L. Winkler • TeraGrid: L. Winkler • Major sponsors • ARO, CACR, Cisco, DataTAG, DoE, Lee Center, NSF

  28. Thanks Questions?

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