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From the Garden to the City

From the Garden to the City. Covenant with Adam. Introduction. If you were going to divide the Bible into covenantal periods, how many do you think there would be? Seven Name the men who were head of these covenantal periods? Covenant with Adam Covenant with Noah Covenant with Abraham

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From the Garden to the City

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  1. From the Garden to the City Covenant with Adam

  2. Introduction • If you were going to divide the Bible into covenantal periods, how many do you think there would be? • Seven • Name the men who were head of these covenantal periods? • Covenant with Adam • Covenant with Noah • Covenant with Abraham • Covenant with Moses • Covenant with David • Covenant with Cyrus • Covenant with the Lord Jesus Christ

  3. Old Covenant Pattern of History • Each of the first six covenantal periods of history in the Old Testament seems to follow the same pattern. • Exodus: God moves his people from one place to another • Establishment of covenant: God gives his promises and commands. (The sanctuary is established) • History: Advancement • : Fall • : Decline • Announcement: Judgment of the old world and intention to form a new world • Judgment: God judges His people and they normally go into captivity. God destroys the Sanctuary.

  4. Seven Covenantal Periods of Redemptive History • Covenant • Heads DatesBooks • Adam 4004-2350 B.C. Genesis 1:1-6; 7 • Noah 2350-1923 B.C. Genesis 6:8-11:32 • Abraham 1923-1493 B.C. Genesis 12:1-50:26 Job • Moses 1493-983 B. C. Exodus-I Samuel 16:13 • David 983-507 B. C. I Samuel 5:14- II Chronicles 36:20 Psalms-Lam. Hosea-Zep.

  5. Seven Covenantal Periods of Redemptive History • Covenant HeadsDatesBooks • Cyrus (Imperial) 507 B.C.– II Chron.36:21- 70 A.D. Esther, Ezekiel, Daniel, Haggai Malachi, Matthew-John Revelation • Lord Jesus Christ 33 A. D.–Sec Acts-Jude, Coming Revelation

  6. Covenant with Adam • Movement of Redemptive History: Creation of man and his three environments: .Sanctuary .Home Land .World (Genesis 2:8-14) Because of man’s sin he is progressively excluded from: .Sanctuary (Genesis 3:22-240 .the Land (Genesis 4:14-16) .the World (Genesis 7:21-23). Man is not allowed to exercise judgment. • Dominant Themes: Sin, Judgment, and Death

  7. Covenant with Adam • Chronological source: Ten generations of Adam in Genesis 5 • Scripture Reference: Genesis 3:15-7:24 • Name of God: Lord God • Name of the People of God: Sons of God • Worship Environment: Calling on the Name of the Lord and sacrifices

  8. Biblical Chronology • The Bible has its own self-contained chronology from creation until the crucifixion of Christ. • This is approximately a four thousand year period. • This chronology was worked out in detail by Bishop James Ussher in the seventeenth century and there have only been minor adjustments to it since he developed it. • It is important to note that the Biblical chronology follows the genealogy of Christ. When other genealogies are provided in scripture there is no chronology connected with them. • The Bible has the only chronology before the Persian Empire (490 BC).

  9. Biblical Chronology • Ptolemy, who lived in the third century AD, left a record of the Persian Kings beginning with Cyrus until Alexander the Great. This record contained the length of each king’s life. • He referred to no contemporary historical records for his list, and it is contradicted by other historians closer to the period. • However, all modern chronologist have built their systems on his record. • Biblical Chronology is rejected today because it supports the young earth theory; and, of course, modern evolutionary theory teaches that the earth is billions of years old.

  10. Introduction-Chronology • Gen 5:3 And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name Seth: 4 And the days of Adam after he had begotten Seth were eight hundred years: and he begat sons and daughters: 5 And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died. 6 And Seth lived an hundred and five years, and begat Enos: 7 And Seth lived after he begat Enos eight hundred and seven years, and begat sons and daughters: 8 And all the days of Seth were nine hundred and twelve years: and he died. 9 And Enos lived ninety years, and begat Cainan: 10 And Enos lived after he begat Cainan eight hundred and fifteen years, and begat sons and daughters: 11 And all the days of Enos were nine hundred and five years: and he died. 12 And Cainan lived seventy years, and begat Mahalaleel: 13 And Cainan lived after he begat Mahalaleel eight hundred and forty years, and begat sons and daughters: • Creation of Adam 0 • Birth of Seth 130 130 • Birth of Enos 105 235 • Birth of Cainan 90 325 • Birth of Mahalaleel 70 395

  11. Introduction-Chronology • The example above is the center of Biblical chronology. However, there are gaps but the Bible wonderfully fills these gaps. • The most important gap is filled in by Daniel 9:25. • Daniel 9:25 Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times. • Ussher’s Annals of the World comes with CD so you can load a summary on your computer- Amazon $23.09 • Philip Mauro The Wonders of Bible Chronology – Amazon $7.99, is a modern update of Ussher’s chronology.

  12. Covenant with Adam • Biblical ReferencesDate • Exodus: Genesis 3:22-24 0 A.M • (Cast out of Garden) • Establishment Genesis 3:15-21 0 A.M. • of Covenant: (Curses and Promises after the fall) • History: • Advancement: Genesis 4:1-5:24 0-987 A.M. • (Enoch 7th generation from Adam through Seth) • Fall: Genesis 6:1-3 1000 A.M.? (Intermarriage of line of Seth [Godly] with line of Cain [ungodly]) • Decline: Genesis 6:4, 5 1000-1656 A.M. • (From the translation of Enoch to the flood) • Announcement Genesis 6:3, 6-22 1536 A. M. • Judgment Genesis 7:19-24 1656 A.M. • (The Flood)

  13. Cain and Able • We are told of two sons of Adam and Eve: Cain-the older, “a tiller of the ground,” and Able-the younger, a “keeper of sheep.” (Genesis 4:1,2) • They brought sacrifices to the Lord. God did not respect Cain’s “fruit of the ground” and respected Able’s “firstlings of his flock and of their fat” (Genesis 4:3,4). • In the Old Testament, God rejects sacrifices of things grown out of the ground (fig leaves), bloodless sacrifices and accepts animals or bloody sacrifices. • Leviticus 17:11 For the life of the flesh is in the blood: and I have given it to you upon the altar to make an atonement for your souls: for it is the blood that maketh an atonement for the soul.

  14. Cain and Able • Notice that the “firstlings” and “fat” of the sacrifice are mentioned in discussing the first sacrifice. • In Leviticus, which provides the detailed description of the sacrificial system, the fat of the animal is mentioned fifty- one times . Fat is a very important part of the sacrifice. • Firstlings of the flock as a sacrifice are mentioned three times in Deuteronomy. • Even though the Lord counseled Cain to overcome his anger, Cain murdered Able and the voice of Able’s “blood cries out to God from the ground” (Genesis 4:8-11). Man’s blood pollutes the ground. • God further curses Cain so the ground will not yield its strength to Cain when he tills it. He also puts a mark on Cain so that no one will execute vengeance on him for the murder of Able.

  15. Cain and Able • Why is Cain not executed for the murder of his brother? • God does not at this point delegate judgment to man. No capital punishment. (Genesis 4:13-15). • Cain was cast out of the land of Eden and he “built a city” (Genesis 4:17), the city of man. • Cain’s descendents are the “sons of men,” the wicked line, and reach the height of wickedness in the seventh generation from Adam in the person of Lamech (Genesis 4:18-23). • Gen. 4:23 And Lamech said unto his wives, Adah and Zillah, Hear my voice; ye wives of Lamech, hearken unto my speech: for I have slain a man to my wounding, and a young man to my hurt.4:24 If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold.

  16. Seth • Eve bears another son to Adam, Seth; and Eve says, “For God hath appointed me another seed instead of Abel, whom Cain slew.” • Seth replacing Able initiates the theme in the Bible of the younger replacing the elder. The last being first and the first being last. • Isaac replaces Ishmael, Jacob replaces Esau, Joseph replaces his older brothers, Ephraim replaces Manasseh (Genesis 48:13-22), the Gentiles replace the Jews and Christ the last Adam replaces the first Adam. • Seth becomes the head of the Godly line, “the sons of God” which reaches its height of Godliness in Enoch, the seventh from Adam through Seth. • Gen. 5:21 And Enoch lived sixty and five years, and begat Methuselah: 22 And Enoch walked with God after he begat Methuselah three hundred years, and begat sons and daughters: 23 And all the days of Enoch were three hundred sixty and five years: 24 And Enoch walked with God: and he was not; for God took him.

  17. Enoch • Hebrews and Jude of the New Testament speak of Enoch; • Hebrews 11:5 By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see death; and was not found, because God had translated him: for before his translation he had this testimony, that he pleased God. • Jude 14 And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints,15 To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. • Enoch evidently was a prophet who preached to the ungodly line of Cain of the judgment to come.

  18. The Fall of the Covenant with Adam Gen. 6 • 1 And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them, • 2 That the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives of all which they chose. • 3 And the LORD said, My spirit shall not always strive with man, for that he also is flesh: yet his days shall be an hundred and twenty years. • 4 There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown.

  19. The Fall of the Covenant with Adam • This is the “fall’ of the covenant with Adam: The descendants of Seth, “the sons of God,” intermarried with the descendants of Cain, “the daughters of men.” • The phrase “the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair” is the same Hebrew construction as “the woman saw that the tree was good for food.” • In Chapter six, verse three, God warns man “that His Spirit will not always strive with man” and gives man 120 years to repent. • God usually gives a preliminary judgment and a time to repent before He brings final judgment.

  20. Announcement of Judgment • Genesis 6 • 5 And GOD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually. • 6 And it repented the LORD that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him at his heart. • 7 And the LORD said, I will destroy man whom I have created from the face of the earth; both man, and beast, and the creeping thing, and the fowls of the air; for it repenteth me that I have made them. • How did the earth become so violent and wicked? • The Godly line intermarried with the wicked line which strengthened the wicked line and left no Godly line. • Men lived hundreds of years and so their wickedness had time to mature, and • There was no civil magistrate to punish wickedness. • These issues are remedied in the covenant with Noah.

  21. History: Decline Gen. 6 • 13 And God said unto Noah, The end of all flesh is come before me; for the earth is filled with violence through them; and, behold, I will destroy them with the earth. • 14 Make thee an ark of gopher wood; rooms shalt thou make in the ark, and shalt pitch it within and without with pitch. • 15 And this is the fashion which thou shalt make it of: The length of the ark shall be three hundred cubits, the breadth of it fifty cubits, and the height of it thirty cubits. • Usually Scripture only provides measurements for the sanctuary (Exodus 25-27; 37,38; I Kings 6,7; II Chronicles 3; Ezekiel 40-43; Revelation 21:10 ff). Thus in some sense the ark should be seen as the sanctuary.

  22. The Covenant with Adam: Judgment • The judgment in the Covenant with Adam is the most drastic in that it effects the entire world and it acts as prototype for the other covenantal judgments. Genesis 7 • 2 Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female. • 3 Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth. • How did Noah know the distinction between clean and unclean beasts? • Maybe if seven pairs went into the ark.

  23. The Covenant with Adam: Judgment • Genesis 7 • 13 In the selfsame day entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah’s wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark; • 14 They, and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every sort. • 15 And they went in unto Noah into the ark, two and two of all flesh, wherein is the breath of life. • 16 And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the LORD shut him in. • 17 And the flood was forty days upon the earth; and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth.

  24. The Covenant with Adam: Judgment • Genesis 7 • 18 And the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly upon the earth; and the ark went upon the face of the waters. • 19 And the waters prevailed exceedingly upon the earth; and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered. • 20 Fifteen cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered. • 21 And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man: • 22 All in whose nostrils was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died.

  25. The Covenant with Adam: Judgment • Genesis 7 • 23 And every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only remained alive, and they that were with him in the ark. • 24 And the waters prevailed upon the earth an hundred and fifty days. • Genesis 2:7 And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul. • God destroyed all of His creation including the Garden of Eden, the sanctuary, and everything that was not inside of the ark.

  26. The Covenant with Adam: Judgment • Hebrews 11:7 By faith Noah, being warned of God of things not seen as yet, moved with fear, prepared an ark to the saving of his house; by the which he condemned the world, and became heir of the righteousness which is by faith. • Did righteousness require belief only or action as a result of belief? • II Peter 2:5 And spared not the old world, but saved Noah the eighth person, a preacher of righteousness, bringing in the flood upon the world of the ungodly; • The “old world” was destroyed implying the creation of a “new world.” Notice the number eight

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