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Understanding Glycogen Synthesis and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Carbohydrate Metabolism

This lecture delves into the intricate processes of glycogen synthesis, highlighting the addition of glucose to the non-reducing ends and the formation of α(1→4) and α(1→6) linkages. It covers the roles of key enzymes such as glycogen synthase, glycogen phosphorylase, and phosphorylase kinase, emphasizing the activation of precursors like UDP-glucose. Additionally, it touches on the pentose phosphate pathway and its significance in generating nucleotides and NADPH, providing a comprehensive overview of carbohydrate metabolism.

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Understanding Glycogen Synthesis and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Lecture 4 Glycogen Synthesis Pentose phosphate pathway

  2. Synthesis of Glycogen and Starch • Add glucose to non-reducing end • Create (14) link • Create (16) branches • Glycogen • Amylopectin • Activate precursor with good leaving group • Not a simple reversal of catabolism

  3. Glycogen Phosphorylase in Liver

  4. Activated Precursor: UDP-Glc

  5. Glycogen Particles • Mr 106 Da Branches • 1 per 10 Glc • Bound enzymes • Glycogenin • Glycogen synthase • Glycogen phophorylase • Phosphorylase kinase

  6. Synthesis of Glycogen

  7. Synthesis of Glycogen

  8. Synthesis of Glycogen

  9. Synthesis of Glycogen

  10. Synthesis of Glycogen

  11. Synthesis of Glycogen

  12. Elongation of Glycogen Chain

  13. Branch Production • Moves 6-7 residues (4 shown due to space constraints) • Creates new non-reducing ends

  14. Pentose phosphate pathway

  15. Pentose phosphate pathway

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