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Wheat

Wheat. Types. Hard Red Spring Wheat Highest baking quality Hard Red Winter Wheat Flour Soft Red Winter Wheat Crackers, pastry, biscuits Durum Wheat Pasta White Wheat Pastry Crackers. Planting. Plant in Early April 1-2” Deep 60-70 lbs of seed per acre About 90 days to maturity.

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Wheat

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  1. Wheat

  2. Types • Hard Red Spring Wheat • Highest baking quality • Hard Red Winter Wheat • Flour • Soft Red Winter Wheat • Crackers, pastry, biscuits • Durum Wheat • Pasta • White Wheat • Pastry Crackers

  3. Planting • Plant in Early April • 1-2” Deep • 60-70 lbs of seed per acre • About 90 days to maturity

  4. Seed/Maturity

  5. Seed Variety • Hundreds of seed variety’s that are developed by companies and universities. • No Genetically Modified seeds as of now due to them not being accepted by other countries

  6. Diseases • Tan Spot • Scab • Leaf Rust

  7. Insects • Aphids • Orange blossom wheat midge • Grasshoppers • Stem Sawfly

  8. Wheat • Commercial Classes • Hard Red Spring Wheat • Bread • Hard Red Winter Wheat • Bread • Durum • Pasta • Soft Red Winter • Cake, biscuit, cracker, pastry • White • Pastry

  9. Wheat • Most important world crop; both in acreage and production • Approximately 75 to 80% US acreage is winter wheat • Requires a cold period before switching to reproductive growth (vernalization) • In general, wheat is unsatisfactory on very sandy soils or poorly drained soils

  10. Wheat • Cool-season crop • Minimum Temp. • 37-39 degrees F • Optimum Temp. • 77 degrees F • Maximum Temp. • 86-89 degrees F

  11. Wheat grades • Based on quality and condition • Quality • Plumpness, soundness, foreign material • Condition • High moisture, odor, smut • Legal Weight • 60 pounds per bushel • US Grade #1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or US Sample Grade

  12. Hard Red Spring Wheat • North Dakota ranks #1 • Can be grown under a wide range of soil conditions and rainfall • Best adapted to fertile, well drained silt and clay loam soils • In early stages of development, can withstand temperatures as low as 15 degrees F

  13. Hard Red Spring Wheat • Winters in ND are too severe for winter wheat • Limited rainfall during the growing period results in wheat that is high in protein content • HRSW contains a large amount of gluten • A proteinlike, semielastic substance which permits the dough to leaven or expand into large, light porous loaves

  14. Durum Wheat • ND ranks #1 • Grown because it withstands drought better and is more resistant to most diseases than HRSW • Flour not suited for breadmaking • Made into semolina • A granular flour used in making pasta products

  15. HRSW and Durum • Diseases • Smut • Black Stem Rust • Scab • Ergot • Wheat Stem Sawfly

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