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Understanding HIV Immunity and Metabolism: Insights into Cell Infection and Evolution

This video explores HIV infection, focusing on how the virus targets helper T-cells through CD4 and CCR5 receptors. It highlights the remarkable case of Steve Crohn, who has immunity to HIV due to a mutation that disables CCR5, preventing the virus from entering his cells. Additionally, we discuss related topics such as cell membranes, genetics, beneficial mutations, viruses, evolution, and immunity. The second part dives into prokaryotic metabolism, detailing the energy and carbon sources of various organisms including photoautotrophs, chemoautotrophs, and more.

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Understanding HIV Immunity and Metabolism: Insights into Cell Infection and Evolution

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Presentation Transcript

  1. HIV IMMUNITY VIDEO • What type of blood cell does HIV infect? • What receptors does HIV use to gain access to the cell? • How has Steve Crohn become immune to HIV? • What other topics that we have learned about does this relate to?

  2. What type of blood cell does HIV infect? • Helper T-cells • What receptors does HIV use to gain access to the cell? • CD4 and CCR5 • How has Steve Crohn become immune to HIV? • He has a mutation for the gene that makes CCR5. Since he can’t make it, his cells don’t admit HIV. • What other topics that we have learned about does this relate to? • Cell membranes, Genetics, Beneficial Mutation, Viruses, • Evolution, Immunity which is coming up!

  3. Prokaryotic Metabolism • (Prefix means where energy comes from, root is the carbon source) • Photoautotroph- Energy from light, Carbon from inorganic material ie CO2 (cyanobacteria-plants also) • Chemoautotroph- Energy from chemicals, carbon from inorganic material • (nitrifiers use ammonia or nitrite for energy, and produce the nitrate needed by plants-important in the nitrogen cycle)

  4. Photoheterotrophs- Light is energy source, carbon from organic carbohydrate or alcohol made by other organisms (purple non-sulfur bacteria) • Chemoheterotrophs- Energy and carbon depend on organic molecules (such as carbohydrates). (Most pathogens and decomposers)

  5. Read Wikipedia "Dental Plaque" • 1. Describe dental plaque. • 2. What is dental plaque composed of? • 3. How does dental plaque lead to dental caries? • Next Slide

  6. Read "Plaque Shows what Past Population Ate." • 4. Why is dental plaque helpful in learning about the diets of our ancestors? • 5. What is the advantage of using dental plaque rather than bone?

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