Unit 2: Pregnancy & Birth

Unit 2: Pregnancy & Birth Chapter 3: Prenatal Development Chapter 4: Preparing for Birth Chapter 5: The Baby’s Arrival

Chapter 3: Prenatal Development • Objectives: • To help you: • Name the 3 stages of pregnancy and describe the prenatal development in each • Describe how personal characteristics are inherited • Explain how multiple births occur • Discuss possible solutions for infertility • Discuss the causes of birth defects and how they can be diagnosed and prevented • Explain why teen pregnancies are considered high risk

What does Prenatal mean?? • Prenatal: refers to the period before ______ • _____weeks • Single cell develops into a human being

The Forty-Week Miracle • Begins at _____________ • Continues into 3 stages: • The ________ • The __________ • The __________

Conception • Ovum: female cell or _______ • Released one time each month • Released by the __________

Conception • Ovum: female cell or egg • Released one time each month • Released by the ovaries • Moves through the __________ ___________

Conception • Ovum: female cell or egg • Released one time each month • Released by the ovaries • Moves through the fallopian tubes • Enters the ________, or ________ • Takes about 2-3 days • Where __________________ takes place

Conception • When the egg reaches the uterus, it usually disintegrates and is flushed away • ______________________ • If the egg meets a __________and is fertilized • Sperm: __________________ • If this occurs- _______________ takes place • Beginning of ________________

Period of the Ovum • Lasts about 2 weeks • The fertilized egg attaches itself to the ______ of the uterus & begins to grow • The lining thickens with _______________ blood • It cannot be shed therefore menstruation does not occur

The Ovum • Ovum begins to grow through _____________ • Single cell divides into 24so on • Each cell is _____________ to become a different type • Skin, bones, brain, blood cells, etc. • Remarkable growth during 2 weeks • Ovum is still only size of _______________

Period of the Embryo • Increasing cluster of cells • Lasts about ______ weeks • Growing ___________ • Firmly attached to the uterus

Embryo & Placenta • By the end of this stage, the connecting tissue between embryo and uterus develop into • ____________ provides nourishment & oxygen for the baby • Carried by the _____________________ • Filled with blood & rigid… not likely to tangle until birth

Amniotic Fluid • Embryo is surrounded by a bag of ______ called • Amniotic fluid • Acts as a ___________ to protect the baby

Period of the Fetus • Begins around ___________of pregnancy and lasts until birth • Beginning to be more recognizable • Arms, legs, fingers, and toes are developing • _________ features and internal organs are present • Not are all ______________

First movements • 4th-5th month • Fetus’ movements and kicks begin to touch the ______ of the uterus • _____________ • Gradually become stronger and more frequent • “__________________” • Helps Dr. estimate the fetal age/ birth date • ________________ is now audible

Continued Growth • Surrounding fluid is _____ as fetus _______ • Amniotic fluid fills only the _____________ • Less space for baby to move– _____________

Getting Ready for Birth • 7 months and on.. • ________________ are ready to sustain life • Gains weight • ______ deposits are added under the skin • Storing nutrients, building ________________

Abilities • The unborn baby can: • Suck it’s thumb • Cough • Sneeze • Yawn • Hiccup • Cry

Weight Shift • During the 9th month: baby’s weight shifts unexpectedly • “_______________” occurs • Baby has dropped into the _________________ • Birth is not far off • Sometimes occurs just before _____________ • Could be mistaken for cramping from ______________

Positioning • Baby is most likely ____________________ • Head nestled in __________ • Easiest & ________ for birth • Baby is less active– fills most of the space

The Mother • Skin & _________muscles stretch to capacity • Muscles of the uterus and abdomen are capable of being increased up to ____ times their original size • Return close to normal within a _______ after birth

Unit 2: Pregnancy & Birth