Quantum Hall Effect
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Hsinzon Tsai Raymond Co University of California, Berkeley May 4 th 2011. Quantum Hall Effect. Outline. The Basics of Quantum Hall Effect Systematic Setup Definitions and Terminology Classical vs. Quantum Hall Effect Integer Quantum Hall Effect Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
Quantum Hall Effect
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Presentation Transcript
Hsinzon Tsai Raymond Co University of California, Berkeley May 4th 2011 Quantum Hall Effect
Outline • The Basics of Quantum Hall Effect • Systematic Setup • Definitions and Terminology • Classical vs. Quantum Hall Effect • Integer Quantum Hall Effect • Fractional Quantum Hall Effect • Conclusion
Discoveries • Classical Hall Effect in 1879 • By Edwin H. Hall at his 24 • Integer Quantum Hall Effect in 1980 • Nobel Prize in 1985 • By German physicist Klaus von Klitzing • Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in 1982 • Nobel Prize in 1998 • By Professor Robert B. Laughlin, Stanford University Professor Horst L. Störmer, Columbia University Professor Daniel C. Tsui, Princeton University
Systematic Setup http://www.rikenresearch.riken.jp/eng/hom/5674
Systematic Setup • Two-dimension electrons system • Low temperature • Strong magnetic fields (0.1 to 45 Tesla) • Typically, in semiconductor structures • Electrons in a thin layer of GaAs surrounded by AlGaAs • Recently, graphene
Definitions • Fermi Level • Cyclotron Frequency • Landau Level • Density of States
Landau Levels Landau Level
Derivation See blackboard
Quantum Hall Effect http://askbluey.com/Image?q=Quantum+Invariant
Integer Quantum Hall EffectIQHE The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998 Robert B. Laughlin, Horst L. Störmer, Daniel C. Tsui http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1998/press.html
Fractional Quantum Hall EffectFQHE http://www.ua.es/personal/jj.palacios/qhe.html
References • From Landau levels to quantum Hall effects • http://landaucongress.itp.ac.ru/Talks/halperin.pdf