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Understanding Information Technology and Systems Management for Competitive Advantage

This course, taught by Dr. Qing Cao, explores the critical distinctions between Information Technology (IT) and Information Systems (IS), their roles in modern management, and the emerging challenges in an increasingly networked economy. Key topics include the impact of IT spending on economic growth, the evolution of business strategies through digital transformation, and strategic IT management approaches. Students will gain insights into leveraging IT for competitive advantage while navigating uncertainties in a rapidly changing environment.

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Understanding Information Technology and Systems Management for Competitive Advantage

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  1. ISQS 5231 – Fall 2011 Information Technology for Managers Dr. Qing Cao

  2. Agenda • Syllabus • Introduction

  3. Introduction

  4. IT vs. IS • Information Technology (IT) Vs. Information Systems (IS)

  5. Information Technology • IT deals with the use of electronic computers (hardware) and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and securely retrieve information.

  6. Information Systems • The term information system (IS) refers to the interaction between people, processes, and information technology (IT).

  7. Information Systems

  8. Management Information Systems (MIS) Field of Study

  9. The Challenges of Managing in a Network Economy • IT spending: USA - $1,096,112,600,000 (1.1 trillion and about 8.8% of GDP) in 2005 (source: World Bank) • IT is a source of opportunity and advantage but also uncertainty & risk (e.g., Apple vs. HP, Walmart.com vs. Amazon.com) • Chasm between viewpoints • Business executives: View IT with apprehension • Technical executives: Business leaders lack vision • What is undeniable is the rapidity of change • In system architecture and interfaces • In business • In work and the workforce

  10. The Embedding of IT • IT now embedded in: • Definition and execution of strategy • Organization and leadership of businesses • Definitions of unique value propositions • Every business definition is morphing before our eyes • Markets • Industries • Strategies • Firm designs • Information is now a major economic good

  11. Riding the IT Rollercoaster • Mid 1990s: • World Wide Web demonstrated IT potential • Structural and technical hurdles remained in using IT • Late 1990s • Capital markets caught the fever • VCs eager to spend on IT, regardless of long-term path to profitability • Pop Quiz – What’s the major driver for IT expansion in late 1990s? • 21st Century • Speculative bubble burst • Downward spiral until 2003

  12. No Silver-bullet or Panacea • What is the correct IT approach?

  13. No Silver-bullet or Panacea • It depends on a host of factors… • a company's history • industry • competitive situation • financial position • quality of IT management.

  14. Two IT Strategies • Defensive IT (Support) • How much the company relies on cost-effective, uninterrupted, secure, smoothly operating technology systems. • American Airline – SABRE System • Offensive IT (Strategic) • How much the company relies on IT for its competitive edge through systems that provide new value-added services and products or high responsiveness to customers. • Walmart – RFID • Dynamism of Strategies

  15. Managing Information for Globalization and Innovation • Thomas Friedman’s “The World Is Flat: A Brief History of 21st Century” (Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2005) • Al Chandler’s, “A Nation Transformed by Information: How Information Has Shaped the United States from Colonial Times to Present,” (Oxford University Press, 2000)

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