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The Evolution of the UK Travel and Tourism Industry Post-World War II

The UK travel and tourism industry has undergone significant transformation since the end of World War II, shaped by the rise of the middle class, increased leisure time, and improvements in transportation. Major rail network cuts in the 1950s and 60s, alongside a shift towards road transportation, redefined travel dynamics. The growth of air travel, bringing millions to UK airports, and legislative changes promoting holidays for workers further fueled industry growth. Technological advancements and greater affluence have also played vital roles in expanding this sector.

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The Evolution of the UK Travel and Tourism Industry Post-World War II

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  1. Historical Development BTEC National Travel and Tourism

  2. Background The development of the travel and tourism industry: • origins in the growth of the middle classes in Britain • here that the industrial revolution began • the introduction of holiday time as a working right

  3. Focus For your studies it’s sufficient to know about how the industry has grown since the end of World War 2. Three Pre-Requisites for T & T: • Improvements to communications • Transport for the masses • Increased leisure time

  4. Communications: Rail • Growth of the train network that preceded the second world war hit the buffers during the 1950s and 60s • Government cut large number of train lines and stations. Closure programme recommended by BR chief Dr Beeching • Loss of about 50% of Britain’s network over a number of years

  5. Communications: Rail The cuts have since been portrayed as a mistake: • Cut off communities from each other • Lost modern parts of the network • Focused the train network on London to detriment of regions • Failed to save much money

  6. Communications: Rail • British railway network at its peak covered more than 20,000 miles • It now covers approximately 10,000 miles • Analysts believe that this will be reduced further • Many country lines loss-making serve few passengers

  7. Mass Transport • Transport Minister who gave job to Dr Beeching was former director of road-building firm • Roads have offered successive governments a number of advantages over railways • This has affected UK transport policy

  8. UK Roads Policy • Government builds a road network in collaboration with the large construction firms • Consumers or business must buy vehicles to use the network • Government raises tax revenue through vehicle excise duty (road fund tax) and fuel duty (petrol tax)

  9. Air Transport Infrastructure • 1980 approximately 50 million people used UK airports • 2000 there were 180 million flyers • Expected to rise to 500 million by 2030 • Airports privatised and expanded

  10. Impact of Rail Disasters • Southall, Ladbroke Grove, Hatfield and Potters Bar train crashes in 2000 to 2002 • Chaos affected the rail industry at that time • Significant numbers of people began to travel by plane within the UK

  11. Increased Leisure Time • Governments have enacted legislation to ensure that workers are able to take holidays • Changes in people’s lives both at work and at home • Consumer products such as washing machines, driers and dishwashers have become more affordable

  12. Increased Leisure Time • Technological impact • Increased affluence • People have greater leisure time on their hands • All of the above have underpinned the growth of the UK travel and tourism industry

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