Enhancing Reading Comprehension Skills in Hungarian Education System
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Explore the importance of developing reading comprehension skills in primary and secondary education in Hungary, including methods, challenges, and solutions to improve students' understanding of texts.
Enhancing Reading Comprehension Skills in Hungarian Education System
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Readingcomprehensioninprimary and secondaryeducation *Developingreadingcomprehension is one of the main parts of Hungarianprimaryeducationfromgrade 1 Textbooksarewrittenaccordingtothisprincipal. (Reading and comprehension) *Readingcomprehensiontasksareimportantparts of thesecondaryschoolentranceexamtestsaswellasthatofthetwo-levelschool-leavingexaminationinsecondaryeducation Maturaexam Entranceexam
PISA (Programmefor International StudentAssessments) results • The results of theassessmentsrevealthat4 gradersperformwellinreadingcomprehension, however, studentsattheage of 15 performbelowtheaverageconcerningtheprocess , theapplication of theinformation and itsadoptationinsituationsdifferentfromthelearnedones.
The position of readingcomprehensioninteachingHungarian • In Hungary thefirst (basic) period of developingreadingcomprehensionlastsuptograde 4 • The development of readingendsbythe end of thefirst (basic) period • Instead of teachingreadingstudentshavetoprocessnewcontentusingtheirpreviousknowledge • InHungarianLiteraturelessonsstudentsdealswithanalysingthecontent, thegenres and theforms of fictionsfromgrade 5 tograde 8 and insecondaryeducation.InHungariangrammarlessonstheylearngrammar. • Teacherscanemployreadingcomprehensiontasksbesidesthematerialmentionedabove. Teachersareprovidedonlyfewopportunitiesfordevelopingreadingcomprehensionbythe curriculum • The methods and tasksappliedfordevelopingreadingcomprehensioninthefirst (basic) periodarepushedintothebackground.
Whatkind of readingmethodsarepushedinthebackgroundintheuppergrades? • Accordingto Józsefné dr.Zsolnai and dr. Mária dr.Mátyásisixdifferentways of readingcan be distinguished. Thesearethefollowing: • Silentreading – processingtexts; • Silentreading – searchfordata; • Meditativereading – e.g.reading a poem • Loud, expressivereading; • Readingafterpreparation – aftersilentreading; • Readingforaudience
Howtodevelopreadingcomprehensionskillsintheuppergrades? • Usingpractice and supplementaryexercisesbooksbesidesthecoursebook • Usingthetasks of theprevious National StudentAssessment of LinguisticCompetences and that of theschoolleavingexamination and theentranceexaminationforpractice.Thesetasksareavailableonthe Internet. • Using of therelavantpartsoftheHungarianGrammarbooksmainlyingrade 10.
The most commontypes of exercisesappliedfordevelopingreadingcomprehension • Matchingexercise. • Finishingsentenceswithwordsfrom a certain text. • Find out themeaning of thewordfromthecontext. • Trueorfalseexercises. • Puttingthesentencesintothecorrectchronologicalorder. • Answeringquestionsusingtheinformationinthe text. • Completing a chartwiththemissinginformation. • Summarizingthecontentwiththehelp of keywords.
Howtomakereadingcomprehensionskillsinthemothertongue more effective? • Availabletextbookssimilartotheonesusedinthefirst (basic) period • More practicebooks. • Devoting more timefordevelopingreadingcomprehensioninthe curriculum. • Fewerstudentsinclasses and groups. • Time forloud and meditativereading. • Practisingbasic, loudreadingintheuppergradesaswell.
