1. Bipolar Affective Disorder Or Manic-Depressive illness is defined as both depressed and manic episodes

2. Depressed – sad, loss of enjoyment in usual activities, have trouble eating and sleeping, guilt-ridden, suicidal • Manic – elation, silly, giddy, joking without reason

3. Some celebrities diagnosed with bipolar disorder

4. Some more. . .

5. In the last decade, bipolar disorder has been extended to also affect young children • Symptoms of bipolar disorder are present before the age of 17 • Risk factors: genetics, drug use (steroids, cocaine), experiences (trauma), physiological (stroke, tumor) • Warning Signs: grandiose behavior that are out of keeping with reality, hypersexual

6. Treatment: Medication Therapy • Encourage individuals with bipolar disorder to stay on their medication. • Behaviour Therapy • Sleep schedules, enforced routine, no caffeine/alcohol, drugs • Family Counselling sessions (minimize family conflict, reduce negative emotions)

7. Schizophrenia • Chronic, severe, disabling, brain disease • People with schizophrenia suffer from terrifying symptoms (hallucinations and delusions) • Medication can help reduce and control symptoms but treatment is often prematurely discontinued because of unpleasant side effects • When treatment is effective, people with schizophrenia feel that there are still persisting consequences of the illness (i.e. lost opportunities, stigma, side effects of medications)

8. The World of People with Schizophrenia • Distorted Perception of Reality • Hallucinations and delusions will cause people to feel frightened, anxious, and confused. • Hallucinations and Illusions • Disturbances in perception • They can affect all senses • Hearing voices that others do not hear is a common hallucination • Voices can describe the person’s activities, carry on a conversation, warn of impending dangers, or even issue orders to the individual • Delusions • False personal beliefs that are not subject to reason or contradictory evidence and are not explained by a person’s cultural concepts

9. Read to students the Article “BiPolar Kids”. Students answer questions in point form on the hand out provided. • QUESTIONS: Time Magazine: “Bipolar Kids” • 1. Describe the case of Nicole Cabeza. • __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • 2. (a) How many Americans have Bipolar Affective Disorder (B.A.D.)? _______________________________________________________________________ • (b) In one generation, how has the age of onset for BAD changed?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • (c) How many American under-eighteens are estimated to have BAD? • 3.(a) List characteristics of both mania and depression. • ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ • (b) How are the symptoms somewhat different or not so clear in children? • 4. List the treatments for BAD in the appropriate areas: • DRUGS LIFESTYLE THERAPY • ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Read the Schizophrenia Case Study • List the symptoms present in this case. • Brainstorm in point form your thoughts about this case and/or your reactions to any of the illnesses discussed to this point.