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Major classes of mammals

Major classes of mammals. Mammals. Chapter 30. 30.2 Diversity of Mammals. Mammal Classification. Monotremes. Marsupials. Placental mammals. Mammals. Chapter 30. 30.2 Diversity of Mammals. Monotremes. Reproduce by laying eggs. Duck-billed platypus. Echidna. Echidna.

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Major classes of mammals

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  1. Major classes of mammals

  2. Mammals Chapter 30 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Mammal Classification • Monotremes • Marsupials • Placental mammals

  3. Mammals Chapter 30 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Monotremes • Reproduce by laying eggs • Duck-billed platypus • Echidna Echidna

  4. Modern mammals are divided into three main groups. • Monotremes lay eggs. • duck-billed platypus • echidna

  5. Marsupials give birth to live young • that grow to maturity inside a pouch. • opossum • kangaroo • wombat • koala

  6. Mammals Chapter 30 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Marsupials • Very short period of development in the uterus • Crawl into a pouch made of skin and hair and continue development while being nourished by milk from the mother’s mammary glands Kangaroo

  7. Placenta mammals give birth to live young that have completed fetal development.

  8. Mammals Chapter 30 30.2 Diversity of Mammals Placental Mammals • Give birth to young that do not need further development within a pouch Shrew • Represented by 18 orders Humpback whale

  9. Mammals Mammalian Characteristics Hair and Mammary Glands • Two characteristics that distinguish members of class Mammalia from other vertebrate animals are hair and mammary glands.

  10. Mammals are active, large-brained, endotherms with complex social, feeding, and reproductive behaviors • hair to retain heat • mammary glands to produce milk

  11. Mammals Mammalian Characteristics Functions of Hair Insulation Camouflage Sensory devices Waterproofing Signaling Defense

  12. Mammals Mammalian Characteristics Other Characteristics • Endothermy- are warm blooded • Source of body heat is internal. • Heat is produced by a high metabolic rate. • Body temperature is regulated by internal feedback mechanisms.

  13. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Circulation • Mammals require a consistent supply of nutrients and oxygen to maintain homeostasis. • Keeping oxygenated and deoxygenated blood separate makes the delivery of nutrients and oxygen more efficient.

  14. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Reproduction • In mammals, the egg is fertilized internally. • Development of the embryo takes place in the female uterus.

  15. A set of adaptations in the mammalian jaw makes chewing possible

  16. secondary palate closes off air passages • muscles move jaw side-to-side • chewing jaw to break up food quicker

  17. All mammals share four anatomical characteristics • a middle ear with three bones to hear higher-pitched sounds

  18. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Respiration • High levels of oxygen are required to maintain a high level of metabolism. • Mammals are the only animals that have a diaphragm.

  19. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics The Brain and Senses • Mammals have highly developed brains. • Cerebral cortex is responsible for coordinating conscious activities, memory, and the ability to learn. • Cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordinating movement.

  20. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Visualizing the Digestive Systems of Mammals

  21. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Trophic Categories Insectivores Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores

  22. Mammals Chapter 30 30.2 Diversity of Mammals

  23. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Teeth • Reveal the life habits of a mammal • Carnivores use canines to stab and premolars to slice and shear meat. • Incisors of insectivores are long and curved, functioning as pincers in seizing insect prey.

  24. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Mammalian Characteristics Excretion • Kidneys excrete or retain the proper amount of water in body fluids. • Enables mammals to live in extreme environments Mammals

  25. Mammals Chapter 30 Chapter Diagnostic Questions Name the term that refers to a mammal’s ability to produce heat internally. endoderm endothermy ectoderm ectothermy

  26. Mammals Chapter 30 Chapter Diagnostic Questions What classification of mammals reproduces by laying eggs? marsupial placental mammal monotreme therapsid

  27. Mammals amount of time the young drinks its mother’s milk amount of time for the young to mature enough to reproduce Chapter 30 Chapter Diagnostic Questions A mammal’s period of gestation refers to what? amount of time the young stays with its herd amount of time the young stays in the uterus

  28. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Formative Questions Which characteristics distinguish mammals from other vertebrates? kidneys and a cloaca mammary glands and hair a high metabolic rate and limbs a four-chambered heart and endothermy

  29. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Formative Questions What is the tough, fibrous protein that makes up hair, nails, claws, and hooves? urea keratin cellulose collagen

  30. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Formative Questions What is the source of body heat for mammals? hibernation insulation metabolism respiration

  31. Mammals Chapter 30 30.1 Formative Questions Which part of the brain is more highly developed in mammals than in other animals? cerebrum hypothalamus medulla optic lobe

  32. Mammals Chapter 30 30.2 Formative Questions Which mammals have reptilian features, such as laying eggs? cetaceans marsupials monotremes sirenians

  33. Mammals Chapter 30 30.2 Formative Questions Which mammals use their two pairs of razor- sharp incisor teeth to gnaw through wood, seed pods, or shells to get food? artiodactyls insectivores lagomorphs rodents

  34. Mammals Chapter 30 30.2 Formative Questions Which animals are cetaceans? deer and goats moles and shrews dolphins and whales manatees and dugongs

  35. Mammals Chapter 30 Chapter Assessment Questions Select the mammal that is a member of the order Chiroptera. hedgehog ape anteater bat

  36. Mammals Chapter 30 Standardized Test Practice An herbivore will have… a shorter digestive tract and a smaller cecum. a shorter digestive tract and a larger cecum. a longer digestive tract and a larger cecum. a longer digestive tract and a smaller cecum.

  37. Mammals Chapter 30 Standardized Test Practice How do ruminants benefit from having bacteria in their stomachs? They can be omnivorous. They can digest meat. They can filter urea. They can process cellulose.

  38. Mammals Chapter 30 Standardized Test Practice Which teeth are more highly developed in a mountain lion? canines incisors molars premolars

  39. Mammals Chapter 30 Standardized Test Practice What is believed to have caused the isolation of marsupials’ ancestors to Australia and nearby islands? adaptive radiation continental drift habitat destruction reproductive isolation

  40. Mammals Chapter 30 Standardized Test Practice What competitive adaptive advantage do placental mammals have over marsupials? a more highly developed digestive system a pair of holes in the roof of the skull limbs positioned beneath their bodies more highly evolved social behavior

  41. Mammals Chapter 30 Vocabulary Section 1 mammary gland diaphragm cerebral cortex cerebellum gland uterus placenta gestation

  42. Mammals Chapter 30 Vocabulary Section 2 monotreme marsupial placental mammal therapsid

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