The Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Communication

1. The Globally Harmonized Systemfor Hazard Communication

2. COURSE INFORMATION • Emergency evacuation procedures • Starting and ending times • Breaks • Smoking policy • Location of restrooms, break room, telephones, emergency exits

3. COURSE INFORMATION — Continued • Electronic devices • Medical concerns • Participation • Mission

4. National Safety Council Mission The National Safety Council saves lives by preventing injuries at work, on the roads, in homes and in communities through leadership, research, education and advocacy. Goal Save 10,000 lives and prevent 1 million injuries by 2014.

5. INTRODUCTIONS • Name • Company/Job Title • Primary Responsibilities • What would you like to get out of this seminar?

6. SEMINAR GOALS • Implementation of the integration of the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) for Hazard Communication (HazCom) • Identify the purpose and key elements of the HCS 1910.1200. • Recognize and correctly use key terms and concepts relating to hazard communication. • Identify ways to determine if hazardous chemicals are present in your workplace. • Identify elements of and steps for setting up a hazard communication program.

7. SEMINAR GOALS — Continued • Identify guidelines regarding which hazardous chemicals must be labeled, by whom, and what information must be included on labels. • Reviewing SDS to assess a situation in which exposure to a hazardous chemical has occurred.

8. SEMINAR GOALS — Continued • Identify ways to promote responsibility for initial and ongoing hazard communication activities. • Assess gaps and identify key action(s) to take with OSHA’s HCS and your workplace program.

9. HOW TO READ OSHA STANDARDS PARAGRAPH NUMBERING SYSTEM • 29 CFR 1910.1200(b)(4)(ii) • TitleCode of Fed. Reg.PartSection29 CFR 1910 .1200

10. PARAGRAPH NUMBERING SYSTEM Code of TitleFed. Reg.PartSection29 CFR 1910 .1200 (4) (b) (ii) Lower Case Alphabetical Arabic Number Lower Case Roman

11. Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) and the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) • The GHS is an international approach to hazard communication, providing agreed criteria for classification of chemical hazards, and a standardized approach to label elements and safety data sheets (SDSs) • The GHS is based on major existing systems around the world

12. Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) and the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) • OSHA aligned the HCS with the GHS to have a common, coherent approach to classifying chemical hazards • Harmonized definition of hazards • Specific criteria for labels • Harmonized format for SDSs

13. Benefits of Adopting the GHS • Increase the quality and consistency of information provided to workers, employers and chemical users • Reduce confusion/increase comprehension of hazards • Improve downstream risk management • Facilitate training • Help address literacy problems • Other benefits include facilitation of international trade in chemicals

14. Definitions • Chemical Manufacturer • Distributor • Hazard Category • Hazard Statement • Health Hazard • Importer

15. Definitions • Physical Hazard • Pictogram • Precautionary Statement • Safety Data Sheet (SDS) • Signal Word

16. Development of Final Rule • Advanced Notice of Public Rulemaking (ANPR) to modify the existing HCS to align it with the GHS was published in 2006 • Notice of Public Rulemaking (NPRM) was published in the Federal Register on September 30, 2009 (74 FR 50280-50549) • Public hearings were held in 2010 • Final Rule was published in the Federal Register on March 26, 2012 and became effective on May 25, 2012

17. Notable Changes • Using a “specification” approach rather than a “performance-oriented” approach • “Hazard classification” rather than “hazard determination” • “Safety data sheet” (rather than “material safety data sheet”) uses a 16-section format that is essentially the same as ANSI Z400.1 & Z129.1 – 2010, already familiar to U.S. employers

18. Notable Changes • Labels are more defined and will now require: • Product identifier • Pictogram • Signal word • Hazard statement(s) • Precautionary statement(s) • Name, address, and telephone number

19. Modified Hazard Communication Standard29 CFR 1910.1200

20. How Hazard Communication Works

21. Organization of HazCom 2012 • Purpose • Scope and Application • Definitions • Hazard Classification • Written Hazard Communication Program • Labels and Other Forms of Warning • Safety Data Sheets • Employee Information and Training • Trade Secrets • Effective DatesAppendices A-F

22. Appendices • Appendix A, Health Hazard Criteria (Mandatory) (NEW) • Appendix B, Physical Hazard Criteria (Mandatory) (NEW) • Appendix C, Allocation of Label Elements (Mandatory) (NEW) • Appendix D, Safety Data Sheets (Mandatory) (NEW) • Appendix E, Definition of “Trade Secret” (Mandatory) • Appendix F, Guidance for Hazard Classifications re: Carcinogenicity (Non-Mandatory) (NEW)

23. a) Purpose HazCom 1994 HazCom 2012 All hazards to be classified Other provisions the same, except OSHA added that the rule is consistent with Revision 3 of the GHS Slight clarifying modification was made to the language regarding preemption • All hazards to be evaluated • Comprehensive hazard communication program to transmit information • Preempt state laws

24. b) Scope and Application HazCom 1994 HazCom 2012 Minimal changes except to conform terminology, and remove reference to current Appendix E which has been deleted from the standard • All chemicals known to be present are covered • Practical accommodations for special situations • Addresses interface with other Federal laws

25. c) Definitions HazCom 1994 HazCom 2012 Physical hazard definitions removed from paragraph (c), and placed in a new Appendix B on physical hazard classification criteria Following terms are also deleted: flashpoint (methods included in Appendix B), hazard warning, material safety data sheets Some definitions are revised to be GHS-consistent New definitions added for classification • Includes specific definitions for terms used in the standard, as well as all physical hazards

26. d) Hazard Classification HazCom 1994 HazCom 2012 Specific and detailed Concept of “classification” vs. determination in current rule Each hazard class has detailed criteria to apply to data on the chemical No floor; based on weight of evidence Mixture rules are specific to each hazard class • Performance-oriented • Definitions in paragraph (c), Appendices A and B • Appendix B—parameters for evaluating data • “Floor” of chemicals considered hazardous • “One study” rule • Standardized mixture cut-off rules

27. Hazard Classification • Each physical or health hazard is a “hazard class”(e.g., Carcinogenicity is a hazard class) • A “hazard class” may be sub-divided in the criteria into several “hazard categories” based on the degree of severity of the hazard • Placing a chemical into a “hazard class”, and where necessary, a “hazard category”, is the concept of classification—determining not only the hazard, but also the severity of the effect

28. Hazard Classification (cont’d) • Manufacturers are still responsible for determining the hazards of the chemicals they produce or import • Classification (similar to hazard determination) is based on the full range of available information • Procedures for determining if the manufacturer has properly performed the hazard classification are provided in Appendix A (Health Hazard Criteria) and Appendix B (Physical Hazards)

29. Health HazardsAppendix A

30. Physical HazardsAppendix B

31. Hazards Not Otherwise Classified (HNOC) • This definition was added to ensure that hazards currently covered by HCS continue to be covered • Information will be required on the safety data sheets in Section 2 • Hazard information on the label is not mandatory, but can be provided under supplementary information • Such hazards must also be addressed in worker training

32. Simple Asphyxiant • Simple asphyxiants and pyrophoric gases are included in the definition of “hazardous chemical” so that they must be both labeled and addressed on SDSs and in training • “Simple asphyxiant” means a substance or mixture that displaces oxygen in the ambient atmosphere, and can thus cause oxygen deprivation in those who are exposed, leading to unconsciousness and death • Label: Warning. May displace oxygen and cause rapid suffocation.

33. Pyrophoric Gas • “Pyrophoric gas” means a chemical in a gaseous state that will ignite spontaneously in air at a temperature of 130 degrees F (54.4 degrees C) or below • Label: Danger. Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air.

34. Combustible Dust • Combustible dust is included in the definition of “hazardous chemical” so that it must be both labeled and addressed on SDSs and in training • Guidance for defining combustible dust is to be taken from existing documents, including OSHA’s Combustible dust National Emphasis Program Directive CPL 03-00-008 • NFPA standards also provide useful information

35. Combustible Dust • Combustible dust must be addressed on labels where appropriate: • Warning. May form combustible dust concentrations in air. • Paragraph (f)(4) may apply to materials shipped in solid form, that create combustible dust when processed

36. e) Written Hazard Communication Program HazCom 1994 HazCom 2012 No changes Employers must make sure the program is current when the new provisions are implemented (e.g., list of hazardous chemicals may have to be updated) • Employers must have a written program describing how the rule will be implemented, including a list of hazardous chemicals, methods for informing employees about non-routine tasks

37. f) Labels and Other Forms of Warning HazCom 1994 HazCom 2012 Shipped containers must be labeled with product identifier; signal word; hazard statement(s); pictograms; precautionary statements; and responsible party Specifies information by hazard class and category • Shipped containers must be labeled with identity, appropriate hazard warnings, and responsible party • Performance-oriented, specifics left to discretion of chemical manufacturer or importer

38. Approach to Labels • The revised standard—like the GHS—is a specification approach to labels • In Appendix C, OSHA has indicated by hazard class and hazard category the label elements that must be on the label • Appendix C is basically a cookbook approach to labeling—once classification of the hazards is completed, Appendix C is to be consulted to determine how to convey the required information

39. Label Elements - Shipped Containers • Product Identifier: Name or number used for a hazardous chemical on a label or SDS • Must permit cross-references to be made among the list of hazardous chemicals, the label and the SDS • Signal Words: Single word to indicate relative level of severity of hazard - “Danger” (more severe) or “Warning” (less severe) • Only one signal word is ever required on a label • Hazard Statement(s): Describes the nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including, where appropriate, degree of hazard • Example: “May cause liver and kidney damage.”

40. Label Elements - Shipped Containers • Pictogram: Composition that may include a symbol plus other graphic elements, such as a border, background pattern, or color, intended to convey specific hazards of a chemical • Eight pictograms are required under the HCS • Precautionary Statement(s): Describes recommended measures to be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects from exposure or improper storage or handling • Includes first aid information • Example: “Do not breathe vapors.” • Supplier Identification: Name, address, and phone number of responsible party

41. HCS Pictograms and Hazards

42. Red borders are required on pictograms regardless of the shipment’s destination Red borders increase recognition and comprehensibility Blank red diamonds are not permitted on a label to improve the likelihood that users will notice and react to the warning on the label Red vs. Black Borders

43. Match the Hazard with the Pictogram Label Exercise 1 Carcinogen Flammables Skin Sensitizer Gases Under Pressure Eye Damage Explosives Oxidizers Acute Toxicity(fatal or toxic)

45. Label Example

46. Identify the label elements that would contain the following information: Information: Label Elements: Product Name Highly flammable liquid and vapor Wash hands thoroughly after handling Company Name Warning Supplier Identification Signal Word Hazard Statements Product Identifier Precautionary Statements Label Exercise 2

47. HazCom 2012 requires labels to be updated within six monthsof getting new and significant information regarding the hazards of a chemical. Updating Labels

48. Workplace Labeling • OSHA is maintaining the approach used in the current HCS that allows employers to use workplace-specific labeling systems as long as they provide the required information • However, such workplace label systems may need to be updated to make sure the information is consistent with the new classifications • NFPA/HMIS Systems • (ratings systems v. classification)

49. g) Safety Data Sheets HazCom 1994 HazCom 2012 Mandates 16-section SDS headings, order of information, and what information is to be provided under the headings Will not enforce sections 12-15 that require information outside OSHA’s jurisdiction • Specifies what information is required, but chemical manufacturer or importer can use whatever format or order of information they want

50. Hazard Communication Safety Data Sheets