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The Terrestrial Planets, Part II

The Terrestrial Planets, Part II. The Earth. EARTH. Physical Data. Diameter: 12,756.3 km Mass: 5.976x10 27 g Density: 5.518 g/cm 3 Rotation Period: 23.9 hours Tilt of Axis: 23.5 o Surface Temperature: 200-300 K. Physical Data. Orbital Semi-Major Axis: 1.49x10 11 m (1 AU)

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The Terrestrial Planets, Part II

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  1. The Terrestrial Planets,Part II The Earth

  2. EARTH

  3. Physical Data • Diameter: 12,756.3 km • Mass: 5.976x1027 g • Density: 5.518 g/cm3 • Rotation Period: 23.9 hours • Tilt of Axis: 23.5o • Surface Temperature: 200-300 K

  4. Physical Data • Orbital Semi-Major Axis: 1.49x1011 m (1 AU) • Orbital Period: 365.26 days • Orbital Inclination: 0o • Orbital Eccentricity: 0.017 • Satellites: 1 • Magnetic Field: yes

  5. Earth’s Interior

  6. Earth’s Interior • Currents in the Mantle Cause Plate Tectonics MOUNTAIN RANGE R I F F S OCEAN F L OOR T R ENCH CONT I NE NT MANT L E CURR ENT S

  7. Earth’s Surface Continental Drift

  8. Earth’s Surface

  9. Earth’s Atmosphere • 75.5% Nitrogen • 23.1% Oxygen • 1.29% Argon • 1.7-0.06% Water Vapor • 0.05% Carbon Dioxide • 0.0013% Neon • 0.00007% Helium

  10. Earth’s Atmosphere ( I on os phere )

  11. The Ionosphere F2 F1 E D F layers combine at night

  12. The Ionosphere • Altitudes of the Ionospheric Layers

  13. The Ionosphere • Reflection of Radio Waves

  14. The Ionosphere • Creation of Ions

  15. Earth’s Magnetic Field • Dipolar Field • Magnetic South Pole is Located in the Geographic North Pole! S S N N

  16. Van Allen Belts Inner Belt - Positive Protons Outer Belt - Negative Electrons Earth’s Magnetic Field e_ p+

  17. Aurorae • From the ground m

  18. The Auroral Oval From Space From the Space Shuttle Aurorae

  19. Magnetosphere Van Allen Belts gjjikui

  20. The Moon

  21. Earth’s Moon • Average Distance to Earth: 384,400km (238,855 miles) • Orbital inclination: 5.1o • Diameter: 3476 km (0.273 DEarth) • Mass: 7.35x1025 g (0.0123 MEarth) • Surface Temperature: -274o F (night) 266o F (day) • Surface Gravity: 0.167 Earth’s

  22. The Moon’s Interior

  23. Craters: Maria: The Moon’s Surface Older Terrain Younger Terrain

  24. Mare Orientale Largest impact crateron the Moon Has three concentric circular mountain ranges created by the impact The Moon’s Surface

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