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XHTML 2.0 and HTML 5

XHTML 2.0 and HTML 5. Hypermedia systems Jakub Hus ár & Tomáš Jurík. XHTML 2.0 Definition Short history Differences between 1.0 and 2.0 Usage suitability Improvements Comparison between XHTML 2.0 and HTML 5.0 Conclusion. HTML 5.0 Definition History of development

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XHTML 2.0 and HTML 5

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  1. XHTML 2.0 and HTML 5 Hypermedia systems Jakub Husár & Tomáš Jurík

  2. XHTML 2.0 Definition Short history Differences between 1.0 and 2.0 Usage suitability Improvements Comparison between XHTML 2.0 and HTML 5.0 Conclusion HTML 5.0 Definition History of development Changes made from 4.01 Suitability for developers Content

  3. What exactly XHTML means? • The Extensible Hypertext Markup Language, or XHTML, is a markup language that has the same depth of expression as HTML, but also conforms to XML syntax. (Wikipedia)

  4. XHTML History • 26th January 2000 • XHTML 1.0 was published as a W3C recommendation • August 2002 • W3C released first working draft of XHTML 2.0 • nowadays (2008) • expected to appear ninth working draft of XHTML 2.0

  5. Focused on XHTML 2.0 • based on XML • developed by the W3C • reject the SGML heritage and syntax peculiarities • priority: separate document content and structure from document presentation

  6. What XHTML 2.0 consists of? • XHTML 2.0 is defined as collection of modules, which, using this standard, are creating specified types for web presentations

  7. XHTML 2.0 vs. XHTML 1.0 • tag <br /> was replaced by tag <l /> • tags <b>, <big>, <i>, <small>, <tt> were removed from presentation module;design changes are considered to be modified by CSS 2.0 • tags <h1> to <h6> are gradually replaced by <section> tag • attribute name was completely replaced by attribute id

  8. XHTML 2.0 vs. XHTML 1.0 • Short example of XHTML 1.0 source code • Example of XHTML 2.0 source code

  9. Suitability for Web Developers – XHTML2.0 • browser support - a crucial point for web developers • Internet Explorer doesn’t have proper XHTML support at all + severe problems with XHTML sent as XML • there are many changes to the structure of the document • none of the major browser vendors supports XHTML 2.0

  10. What is HTML? • HTML(an initialism of HyperText Markup Language) is the predominant markup language designed to creating Web pages and other informations presented in Web browsers. (Wikipedia)

  11. HTML history • November 1995 -HTML 2.0 • January 1997 - HTML 3.2 • December 1997 - HTML 4.0 • December 1999 - HTML 4.01 • January 2008 - HTML 5.0

  12. Focused on HTML 5.0 • known also under the name Web Applications 1.0 • SGML-based document format • developed by the WHATWG(Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group) • WHATWG - open community started by three of the four major browser vendors: Mozilla, Opera, and Apple

  13. HTML 5.0 vs. HTML 4.01 • syntax compatible with HTML 4.01 and XHTML1.0 • defines detailed parsing rules (including "error handling")

  14. HTML 5.0 vs. HTML 4.01 • new elements • e.g.: section,header,footer, audio,video, canvas … • new attributes • e.g.:meta element has a charset attribute … • changed meanings of some elements • e.g.: b, hr, strong … • removed elements • e.g.: big, center, strike … • removed attributes • e.g.:targetattribute onlink…

  15. HTML 5.0 vs. HTML 4.01 • Short demonstration of HTML 5.0 source code

  16. HTML 5.0 vs. HTML 4.01 • introduces a number of APIs that help in creating Web applications • 2D drawing API • API for playing of video and audio • persistent storage • API that enables offline Web applications • Cross-document messaging

  17. HTML 5.0 vs. HTML 4.01 Demonstration of<canvas> tag (2D drawing API) output:

  18. Suitabilityfor Web Developers – HTML5.0 • turning an HTML 4.01 document into HTML 5.0 – just question of replacing the DOCTYPE declaration • if a document doesn’t use any of the new elements or APIs introduced by HTML 5.0, the browser just sends it to its tag-soup parser

  19. increased usability and accessibility improved internationalization more device independence less scripting better integration with the Semantic Web cleaner, more concise language - corrects many of Web markup’s past indiscretions not so much a replacement as in XHTML2, but upgrade or evolution aims for backwards compatibility tries to remove undefined behavior in HTML 4.01 by defining it semantic elements for improved form validation, interactive elements, and persistent storage XHTML 2.0 vs. HTML 5.0

  20. XML parsing will stop at the first error in the document any errors will render a page totally unreachable display only details of the error, but no content defines exactly how this error correction is to be done defines how parsing should work if documents are invalid, ill-formed or broken XHTML 2.0 vs. HTML 5.0

  21. Conclusion • XHTML 2.0 is mostly only a semantic improvement over XHTML 1.0 • seems like that it won’t matter for web developers for a long time (Internet Explorer still doesn’t offer XHTML 1.0 support) • many parts of HTML 5.0 are already creeping into browsers • probably the HTML 5.0 will be the future of the web; we should pay close attention to it

  22. Thank you for your attention It’s time for your questions.

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