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National 4/5 Biology

National 4/5 Biology. Section 3 Cell Division. Cell Division. Learning Intentions: Why is cell division necessary? What is cell division? What is mitosis? What are the stages of mitosis? How is cell division in plant cells different to that in animal cells?.

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National 4/5 Biology

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  1. National 4/5 Biology Section 3 Cell Division

  2. Cell Division Learning Intentions: • Why is cell division necessary? • What is cell division? • What is mitosis? • What are the stages of mitosis? • How is cell division in plant cells different to that in animal cells?

  3. Why is cell division necessary? • Without cell division no organism would be able to reproduce, grow or repair itself What is mitosis? • Mitosis is the process by which the nucleus of a cell divides into two identical daughter cells • Inside the nucleus there are threadlike structures called chromosomes • Chromosomes carry all the genetic information that is necessary for the development of cells and survival of a living organism • Mitosis is necessary to maintain the chromosome complement – ensures that all cells have identical information thus ensuring that they can perform the same function as the parent cell

  4. What are the stages of mitosis? • There are six stages in mitosis • The chromosomes inside the nucleus uncoil and double (for example if there were 12 chromosomes then after doubling there would be 24 identical chromatids)

  5. What are the stages of mitosis? 2. Chromosomes (consisting of two chromatids) coil up

  6. What are the stages of mitosis? 3. Chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell and spindle fibres attach themselves to the centromere of each chromosome

  7. What are the stages of mitosis? 4. The spindle fibres pull the chromosomes apart. Each chromatid is pulled to opposite poles of the cell by the spindle fibres

  8. What are the stages of mitosis? 5. A nuclear membrane now forms around the chromatids and the cytoplasm begins to divide

  9. What are the stages of mitosis? • The cytoplasm completely divides and two identical daughter cells are formed Mitosis animation

  10. What is the difference between mitosis in plant cells and animal cells? • When the daughter cells form a cell wall must form as well as the cell and nuclear membrane

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