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Enlightenment Philosophers

Enlightenment Philosophers. Who was it?. People are born good, independent and compassionate The natural state of man is peaceful and happy Promoted direct democracy in The Social Contract as the only way to protect freedom Who is it? Rousseau.

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Enlightenment Philosophers

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  1. Enlightenment Philosophers Who was it?

  2. People are born good, independent and compassionate • The natural state of man is peaceful and happy • Promoted direct democracy in The Social Contract as the only way to protect freedom • Who is it? • Rousseau

  3. Advocated secular (non-religious) morality as a way to encourage religious tolerance • Approved of slavery and that women should obey their husbands • Advocated separating branches of government that would prevent the abuse of power • Who is it? • Montesquieu

  4. Believed rulers should do whatever was necessary • It’s better for rulers to be feared than loved • The stability of the state was more important than the personal character of the rulers. • Who is it? • Machiavelli

  5. Supported absolute monarchy because people are naturally wicked • People can’t be trusted to govern themselves because of their selfishness • He believed people should accept monarchs because it was in their best interest • Who is it? • Hobbes

  6. Promoted the idea of free will • Get the right punishment and people will use their free will correctly • By choosing society, you choose to give up some liberty for safety in a Social Contract • He influenced many of the protections in the Bill of Rights • Who is it? • Beccaria

  7. Believed education can perfect human nature • Rulers ruling the ruled was inherently oppressive, corrupting the oppressed and oppressor • Promoted gender equality • Who is it? • Wollstonecraft

  8. Believed the universe is governed by unchangeable laws made by God • Laws and punishment are man’s best tools to produce right conduct and discourage wrong conduct in people • Influenced Bill of Rights, especially impeachment and right to bear arms • 3 primary rights: security, liberty and property • Who is it? • Blackstone

  9. Distrusted democracy, believing only enlightened monarchs could improve conditions • Promoted freedom of religion • Remembered for his promotion of civil rights and a fair trial • Who is it? • Voltaire

  10. Promoted the role of reason • People have a natural ability to govern themselves • If government abuses rights, people have the right to overthrow that govt. • Governments are formed to protect life, liberty and property • Who is it? • Locke

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