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Bellwork. Think about political activities during election time. List actions or activities that occur in order to try to help a candidate get elected. Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809. Presidential Election of 1800. John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson

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Bellwork

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  1. Bellwork Think about political activities during election time. List actions or activities that occur in order to try to help a candidate get elected.

  2. Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809

  3. Presidential Election of 1800 • John Adams vs. Thomas Jefferson • Adams lost his own party’s support with how he handled France. • Jefferson, the “Red Fox,” ties with Burr, supposed to be running for Vice-President for his party • Burr refuses to concede (give-up) and the election is sent into the House of Representatives. • Hamilton disliked Burr more than Jefferson and helps Jefferson gain some Federalist votes to win.

  4. Hamilton’s View on Burr • Burr was as “unprincipled and dangerous a man…If there be a man in the world I ought to hate, it is Jefferson…But the public good must be paramount to (more important) every private consideration.” • On the 36th ballot, Jefferson was elected.

  5. The People People were thrilled with the election of Jefferson. “The bells have been ringing, guns firing, dogs barking, cats mewling, children crying, and (Republican radicals) getting drunk ever since the news of Mr. Jefferson’s election arrived in this city.” - Reported from a Philadelphia newspaper

  6. Adams’ “Midnight Appointments” • Under the Federal Judiciary Act of 1801, Adams tries to keep Federalists in control of the courts by appointing Federalist judges to newly created positions before he leaves office (up until his last minute.) • Marbury doesn’t get his appointment and sues for is job vs. Madison, responsible for delivering it: Marbury v. Madison • Court rules in Madison’s favor, establishing JUDICIAL REVIEW- • The right of the Supreme Court to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional

  7. What Marbury v. Madison Decision Means • 1st the Constitution is THE Supreme Law of the Land • 2nd All actions of government are subordinate to and cannot be allowed to conflict with the supreme law • 3rd Judges are sworn to enforce the provisions of the Constitution and must refuse to enforce any governmental action they find to be in conflict with it.

  8. Jefferson Tries to Undo the Federalist Programs • Pardoned those serving sentences under the Sedition Act • Changed residency requirement back from 14 to 5 years • Repealed taxes and the tax on whiskey • Reduced the size of the navy

  9. Jefferson Hated War and Entangling Alliances • Pirates of the North African states were capturing and plundering merchant ships in the Mediterranean • Adams had paid bribe money to keep this from happening • Jefferson refused to pay the “tribute” and Tripoli informally declares war on the U.S. • Jefferson sends navy to the “Shores of Tripoli” • Secures a treaty of peace in 1805 at a price of $60,000 in ransom for captured Americans • Marine’s Hymn

  10. Review Questions 1. Who was Jefferson running against in the election of 1801for the presidency?

  11. 2. Why did Jefferson end up tying with Aaron Burr?

  12. 3. Why was Jefferson so upset with Burr?

  13. 4. Who was the unlikely person that finally helped convince some Federalists to vote for Jefferson and give him the victory

  14. 5. How did Adams try to keep Federalist influence in the courts as Jefferson is about to come into office and he is about to leave?

  15. 6. Why did Marbury sue Madison and what was the significance of the case?

  16. 7. How had Adams handled the situation in the Mediterranean with the pirates?

  17. 8. What stance did Jefferson take and what action did it lead to him taking?

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