Chapter 9 Emerging Trends and Technologies Business, People, and Technology tomorrow

1. Chapter 9 Emerging Trends and Technologies Business, People, and Technology tomorrow Management Information Systems for the Information Age

2. Presentation Overview • The Need For Information Filtering • The Movement Toward Intellectual Computing • The Changing of Physiological Interaction • Increasing Portability and Mobility • The Digital Frontier • The Rebirth of E-Commerce • The Most Important Considerations Management Information Systems for the Information Age

3. Opening Case StudyWould You Use an Internet-Enabled Toilet? • Matsushita recently announced its plan to make Internet-enabled toilets widely available to the public. • How would an internet-enabled toilet impact your life and your privacy? Management Information Systems for the Information Age

4. Introduction • Technology is changing everyday. • As you read this chapter focus on how new technologies will change the things that you do, both from a personal and organizational perspective. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

5. Introduction Management Information Systems for the Information Age

6. The Need For Information FilteringPush, Not Pull Technologies • In a pull technology environment you request and find what information you want. • Push technology – an environment in which businesses and organizations come to you with information, services, and product offerings based on your profile. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

7. The Need For Information FilteringPush, Not Pull Technologies Management Information Systems for the Information Age

8. The Need For Information FilteringInformation Supplier Convergence • Information suppliers include businesses that provide you with magazines, newspapers, Internet access, telephone service, cable TV, books, and the like. • If you receive your newspaper from the same company that supplies your Internet access you are experiencing supplier convergence. • You’ll notice a greater ability to filter information when you start to enjoy the convergence of information suppliers. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

9. The Movement Toward Intellectual ComputingAutomatic Speech Understanding • Automatic speech recognition has come a long way in the past several years, but it still has a long way to go. • If we someday create intelligent software, then speech recognition will become speech understanding. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

10. On Your Own Where Should the Decision Rest? (p. 444) The Movement Toward Intellectual ComputingPeople Will Still Make The Decisions • Regardless of how intelligent a computer system may become, it will never completely replace people in all aspects of decision making. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

11. The Changing Of Physiological Interaction • Biometrics - the use of your physical characteristics – such as your fingerprint, the blood vessels in the retina of your eye, the sound of your voice, or perhaps even your breath – to provide identification. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

12. The Changing Of Physiological Interaction Automatic Speech Recognition • Automatic speech recognition (ASR) – a system that not only captures spoken words but also distinguishes word groupings to form sentences. • An ASR system follows three steps. • Feature analysis - the system captures your words as you speak into a microphone, eliminates any background noise, and converts the digital signals of your speech into phonemes (syllables). Management Information Systems for the Information Age

13. The Changing Of Physiological Interaction Automatic Speech Recognition • Pattern classification - the system matches your spoken phonemes to a phoneme sequence stored in an acoustic model database. • Language processing - the system attempts to make sense of what you’re saying by comparing the word phonemes generated in step 2 with a language model database. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

14. The Changing Of Physiological Interaction Virtual Reality • Virtual reality – a three-dimensional computer simulation in which you actively and physically participate. • Glove – an input device that captures and records the shape and movement of your hand and fingers and the strength of your hand and finger movements. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

15. The Changing Of Physiological Interaction Virtual Reality • Headset – a combined input and output device that (1) captures and records the movement of your head and (2) contains a screen that covers your entire field of vision and displays various views of an environment based on your movements. • Walker – an input device that captures and records the movement of your feet as you walk or turn in different directions. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

16. Team Work Finding Applications Of Virtual Reality (p. 446) The Changing Of Physiological Interaction Virtual Reality Management Information Systems for the Information Age

17. The Changing Of Physiological Interaction Cave Automatic Virtual Environment • CAVE (cave automatic virtual environment) - a special 3-D virtual reality room that can display images of other people and objects located in other CAVEs all over the world. • Holographic devices – devices that create, capture, and/or display images in true three-dimensional form. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

18. The Changing Of Physiological Interaction Cave Automatic Virtual Environment Management Information Systems for the Information Age

19. Increasing Portability and Mobility • Portability refers to how easy it is for you to carry around your technology. • Mobility encompasses what you have the ability to do with your technology while carrying it around. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

20. Increasing Portability and MobilityFree Internet Phone Calls Management Information Systems for the Information Age

21. Increasing Portability and MobilityMicro-Payments and Financial Cybermediaries • Micro-payments - techniques to facilitate the exchange of small amounts of money for an Internet transaction. • Financial cybermediaries - Internet-based companies that make it easy for one person to pay another person over the Internet. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

22. Increasing Portability and MobilityWearable Computers • Wearable computer - a fully-equipped computer that you wear as a piece of clothing or attached to a piece of clothing similar to way you would carry your cell phone on your belt. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

23. Increasing Portability and MobilityWearable Computers Management Information Systems for the Information Age

24. Increasing Portability and MobilityImplant Chips • Implant chip - a technology-enabled microchip implanted into the human body. Implant chips server two functions: • Contains memory which stores important information about you. • Many of these chips are GPS-enabled. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

25. Increasing Portability and MobilityImplant Chips • Global positioning system (GPS) - a collection of 24 earth-orbiting satellites that continuously transmit radio signals to determine your current longitude, latitude, speed, and direction of movement. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

26. Increasing Portability and MobilityImplant Chips Team Work Selling the Idea of Implant Chips at Your School (p. 451) Management Information Systems for the Information Age

27. The Digital Frontier • Digital economy – marked by the electronic movement of all types of information, not limited to numbers, words, graphs, and photos but including physiological information such as voice recognition and synthesization, biometrics (your retina scan and breath for example), and 3-D holograms. • Last-mile bottleneck problem - occurs when information is traveling on the Internet over a very fast line for a certain distance and then comes near your home where it must travel over a slower line. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

28. The Digital FrontierThree-Dimensional Technology • Three-dimensional (3-D) technology - presentations of information that give you the illusion that the object you’re viewing is actually in the room with you. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

29. The Digital FrontierDigital Cash • Digital cash (also called electronic cash or e-cash) - an electronic representation of cash. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

30. The Rebirth of E-CommerceBroadening of E-Government There are four primary focuses in the e-government arena. • Government-to-Government (G2G) – performing electronic commerce activities within a single nation’s government focusing on vertical integration and horizontal integration. • Government-to-Business (G2B) – the electronic commerce activities performed between a government and its business partners for such purposes as purchasing direct and indirect materials, soliciting bids for work, and accepting bids for work. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

31. The Rebirth of E-CommerceBroadening of E-Government • Government-to-Consumer (G2C) – the electronic commerce activities performed between a government and its citizens or consumers including paying taxes, registering vehicles, and providing information and services. • International Government-to-Government (IG2G) – the electronic commerce activities performed between two or more governments including providing foreign aid. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

32. The Rebirth of E-CommerceBroadening of E-Government Management Information Systems for the Information Age

33. The Rebirth of E-CommerceExplosion of C2C E-Commerce • Of all the types of private-sector e-commerce activities – B2B, B2C, C2C, and C2B – the least amount of revenue dollars right now is in the C2C (consumer-to-consumer) space. • We expect that to change rather dramatically in the next several years. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

34. The Most Important ConsiderationsThe Necessity of Technology • Technology is a necessity today. • It’s hard to imagine a world without technology. • Just as we need electricity to function on an everyday basis, we need technology as well. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

35. The Most Important ConsiderationsClosing the Great Digital Divide • The power of technology needs to be realized on a worldwide scale. • We cannot afford to have any technology-challenged nation or culture (within reason). Management Information Systems for the Information Age

36. The Most Important ConsiderationsTechnology for the Betterment of People and Society • As you approach the development and use of technological innovations (or even standard technologies), think in terms of the betterment of people and society in general. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

37. The Most Important ConsiderationsExchanging Privacy for Convenience • You need to consider how much of your personal privacy you’re giving up in exchange for convenience. • Everyday you’re giving up just a little more privacy in exchange for a little more convenience. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

38. On Your Own Necessity, Convenience, and Privacy (p. 458) The Most Important ConsiderationsEthics, Ethics, Ethics • Ethics guide your behavior that affects other people. • It’s quite possible to be very ethical and very successful. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

39. Closing Case Study OneAirtexting: Wave Your Cell Phone Message In The Air • U.S. manufacturers of cell phones and providers of cell phone service are heavily targeting teenagers. • Wildseed has determined that teenagers have three cell phone concerns including visual appeal, functionality, and price. • Are cell phones a technology of convenience or necessity? Management Information Systems for the Information Age

40. Closing Case Study TwoStadiums of the Future • Stadiums of the future will have many technology-based activities from ordering and paying for food and beverages at your seat to sending messages to other people in the stadium. • Can you think of any other industries that are implementing technology-based activities? Management Information Systems for the Information Age

41. Summary Student Learning Outcomes • Describe why information filtering is becoming important and list and define the two trends that will support information filtering. • Describe the movement toward intellectual computing including automatic speech understanding and the role of people in decision making. • Define biometrics, automatic speech recognition, virtual reality, and CAVEs as they relate to changes in physiological interaction. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

42. Summary Student Learning Outcomes • Describe the various technology innovations and trends that will increase portability and mobility. • Discuss the challenges of and technological innovations for the coming digital frontier. • Describe the broadening of e-government and the coming C2C explosion as they relate to the rebirth of e-commerce. Management Information Systems for the Information Age

43. Summary Assignments & Exercises • Researching wearable computers • Information supplier convergence in your area • Finding a good automatic speech recognition system • Understanding the relationships between trends and technological innovations • Making a phone call on the internet Management Information Systems for the Information Age

44. Summary Assignments & Exercises • Learning about financial cybermediaries • Researching intelligent home appliances • Researching e-government services Management Information Systems for the Information Age

45. Visit the Web to Learn Morewww.mhhe.com/haag • MBA programs • Specialized MBA programs • Graduate school information and tips • Tele-Education (distance learning) • Speech recognition Management Information Systems for the Information Age