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Understanding Common Features of Personal Computer Hardware and Networking for Homes & Businesses

This article explores the common features of personal computer hardware and networking essential for home and small business environments. It discusses types of computers including desktops, laptops, servers, and workstations, highlighting their specific roles and performance capabilities. The text covers essential hardware components, operating systems, and application software tailored for various industries, including educational, medical, and CAD applications. It also delves into networking functionality, emphasizing the importance of local versus network applications, data storage, and digital communication.

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Understanding Common Features of Personal Computer Hardware and Networking for Homes & Businesses

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Presentation Transcript

  1. 1: Personal Computer Hardware Networking for Home & Small Business

  2. What do they have in common?

  3. Common Features • Hardware • OS- Required • Application Software

  4. Types of Applications • Business/Industry-specific • Designed specially • Medical • CAD • Educational • Mitchell on Demand- Auto • General Use • Wide range use & home • Word processing • Spreadsheet • Accounting

  5. Applications Classified • Local Application • Stored on HD • Works on that PC • Network Application • Runs over network (Internet) • 2 components • One parts runs on local • Other part runs on remote host • Email is a good example

  6. Activity • Student chatting w/ friend in another room using IM. • Family keeping track of expenses using spreadsheet program on the HD.

  7. Activity • Construction company develops a program to estimate cost of building a home. Program loads from CD. • Person sends email to friend I other country.

  8. Activity • Real estate agent uses PC to post info about a house that other agents access. • Student types HW using word process program loaded from HD.

  9. Classes of Computers • Mainframes • Servers • Desktops • Workstations • Laptops • Hand-held portable devices

  10. Servers

  11. Servers • Provides important services to end users/ clients • Quick response (multiple CPUs) • Large RAM • Multiple high capacity drives • Used all the time • May have redundant parts to prevent failure • File storage, email storage, web server, etc

  12. Workstations • Business computers • 3-D, CAD • Designed for special high-end apps • Multiple CPUs, lots of RAM, multiple, high-capacity drives • Workstations usually have very powerful graphics capabilities and a large monitor or multiple monitors.

  13. Workstation vs. Home PC • What do you have? • CPU • RAM • HD(s) • Monitor(s) • Video Card • Media Drive

  14. Activity

  15. Portable Devices • Laptop, Tablet, PDA, Cell, Gaming • Portable • Can plug into docking station • Advantages? • Disadvantages?

  16. Portable Devices

  17. Review • Where do workstations & servers keep data stored? • Hard drive • Why would servers require duplicate parts? • Needs to be accessible all the time • What’s another word for duplicate? • Redundant

  18. Review • Why hook a laptop to a docking station? • External monitor, more ports • Which are industry-specific applications for software? • Excel, CAD, Word, Address Book, Medical Management • What are the 3 common features of computers? • OS, Hardware, Applications End of Day One

  19. Binary • On (1) or Off (0)  BITS • Used to represent letters, numbers, graphics, etc • ASCII • 8 bits = 1 byte • 1KB= 1024 bytes • 1MB= more than a million bytes • 1GB= more than a billion bytes • What’s after gigabytes? • Terabytes (TB)

  20. Digital Representation • More detail means more bits needed

  21. How does this relate? • MP3 player with a song that’s 32MB • MP3 is a type of compression • 32 million bytes squeezes down to 3MB without loss of quality • Download songs within minutes instead of hours • Hundreds of MP3’s on a small device • Transfer a song from PC with USB cable • USB is 480Mbps or 480 million bits per second • Less than a second speed

  22. Flashback • Click Here

  23. Digital Communication • Digital info transmits over distances without the quality becoming degraded. • Modem converts bits for travel over media

  24. Bits: Data Transfer Rates • kbps • Kilobits per second • Modem is 56kbps • Mbps • Megabits per second • Cable modem is 6Mbps • File download time theoretical

  25. Resolution & Frequency • Graphic Resolution measured in pixels • Monitor • 1280 x 1024 • Analog Frequencies measured in cycles • How fast cycle or refreshes • CPU measured in Hertz • 1 Hz= one cycle per second • 300 MHz processor executes 300 million cycles per second

  26. Lab • Lab 1.3.2 Determining Data Storage Capacity • Objectives • Determine the amount of RAM (in MB) installed in a PC. • Determine the size of the hard disk drive (in GB) installed in a PC. • Determine the used and available space on the hard disk drive (in GB). • Check other types of storage devices (floppy, CD-ROM, DVD).

  27. Lab • Lab 1.3.3 Determining the Screen Resolution of a Computer • Objectives • Determine the current screen resolution of a PC monitor. • Determine the maximum resolution for the highest color quality. • Calculate the number of pixels needed for resolution settings. • Identify the type of monitor and graphics card installed. End of Day Two

  28. Review • Describe how a server is different from a workstation. • Name the 3 types of servers we discussed. • What are the two measures for the size of a file?

  29. The Computer System • Preassembled • Advantages: • Lower cost • Good for most applications • No wait for assembly • Typical for basic consumers • Disadvantages: • Often lack the performance level that can be obtained from custom built computers

  30. The Computer System • Custom Built • Advantages: • You can specify exact components you need • Generally support higher performance applications such as graphics, gaming, and server applications • Disadvantages: • Generally more costly than preassembled PC • Longer wait for assembly

  31. Your Considerations • What do you consider to be most important when building a PC? • Motherboard • Processor • RAM • Storage • Adapter Cards • Case & Power

  32. Motherboard • Large circuit board • Connects electronics • Allows components to attach • It moves data between components

  33. Motherboard • Slots for cards • Sound, Video • Most come integrated • When selecting a motherboard it must: • Support the selected CPU type and speed • Support the amount and type of RAM • Have sufficient slots to accept required cards

  34. CPU • CPU • Decide 1st • Speed measured in GHz • Faster= more heat & consume more power • What’s the path data moves on called? • Bus

  35. RAM • 2nd most important • What’s multitasking? • May require more RAM

  36. Adapter Cards

  37. Storage Devices • What happens to RAM when no power? • Non-volatile • Does not go when no power • Magnetic storage devices • HD, Floppy, Tape • Optical storage devices • Read only: CD, DVD • Write once: CD-R, DVD-R • Write many: CD-RW, DVD-RW • Static memory (flash) drives • USB

  38. Peripheral Devices • Input devices • Trackball, joystick, scanner, digital camera, digitizer, barcode reader, microphone • Output devices • Printer, plotter, speakers, headphones • Storage devices • Secondary hard drive, external CD/DVD devices, flash drives • Networking • External modems, external NIC

  39. Input, Output, Storage or Networking Device

  40. Case & Power Supply • Usually sold together • Power supply must handle all devices plus future upgrades

  41. Surge Suppressor • What about electrical surges? • Surge suppressor • Remove voltage spikes & surges from power line • Surges can go through cable, phone, network lines

  42. Uninterruptible Power Supply:UPS • Internal battery • If power goes out, kicks in • Gives you time to save & shut down • Also protects against surge

  43. Review • Which component is the nerve center of the PC? • CPU • Name 2 advantages of buying a preassembled computer. • You want to multitask. Which component is more important, RAM or HD? • RAM

  44. Review • Which component connects you to a network? • NIC • Name 2 output devices. • What does a UPS have that a surge protector doesn’t? • Internal battery

  45. Lab 1.4 • Handout • Research specific components/peripherals End of Day Three

  46. Safety & Best Practices • Before you open the case… • Shut power off & remove cable • DO NOT OPEN MONITORS OR POWER SUPPLIES!!!! • Devices that can be removed while power is on are called… • Hot-swappable • Static electricity transferred from body to components is called… • ESD • Review 1.5.1 (1,2,3)

  47. Installing Components • Hot swap or not? • If not, unplug power • Attach grounding strap • Remove old component • Put new one in • Connect cables, close case, power up • Driver might be in OS • Will prompt if not • Get current driver • Test

  48. What if it doesn’t work? • Problems? • System Resources are assigned automatically • Check drivers • Power down & reseat device

  49. Peripherals

  50. Installing Peripherals • Connect on outside of PC • Review 1.5.3 • PnP Device • PnP driver installed 1st • Legacy, driver after connection • If PnP device doesn’t work, what next? • Check cables- is it connected? • Check power- is it on? • Use a testing function- Print test page

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