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Chapter 22 Italy 1500-1600

Chapter 22 Italy 1500-1600. PART 1 The High Renaissance. High Renaissance major themes. EMERGENGE OF……… Artist-genius( Renaissance man ) -Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael. Drawing as an important medium. Rome as an art capital ( re-emergence ). Patron Julius II ( Warrior Pope ).

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Chapter 22 Italy 1500-1600

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  1. Chapter 22Italy 1500-1600 PART 1 The High Renaissance

  2. High Renaissance major themes EMERGENGE OF……… Artist-genius( Renaissance man ) -Leonardo, Michelangelo, Raphael. • Drawing as an important medium. • Rome as an art capital ( re-emergence ). • Patron Julius II ( Warrior Pope )

  3. Leonardo Da Vinci • 1452-1519 • Trained under Verrocchio • Renaissance Man interested in botany, geology, engineering, zoology, military engineering, anatomy, etc, • Worked mainly in Milan.

  4. Chiaroscuro Pyramidal composition Atmospheric perspective Figure 22-2 LEONARDO DA VINCI, Leonardo da Vinci, Madonna of the Rocks, from San Francesco Grande, Milan, Italy, begun 1483. Oil on wood (transferred to canvas), 6’ 6 1/2” x 4’. Louvre, Paris.

  5. Disegno ( disegno esterno and disegno interno) Parchment Vellum Paper becomes cheap and easily available Figure 22-3 LEONARDO DA VINCI, cartoon for Madonna and Child with Saint Anne and the Infant Saint John, ca. 1505–1507. Charcoal heightened with white on brown paper, 4’ 6” x 3’ 3”. National Gallery, London.

  6. Figure 22-4 LEONARDO DA VINCI, Last Supper, ca. 1495–1498. Oil and tempera on plaster, 13’ 9” x 29’ 10”. Refectory, Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan.

  7. Sfumato Atmospheric perspective Figure 22-5 LEONARDO DA VINCI, Mona Lisa, ca. 1503–1505. Oil on wood, 2’ 6 1/4” x 1’ 9”. Louvre, Paris.

  8. Anatomy Cut away views Figure 22-6 LEONARDO DA VINCI, The Fetus and Lining of the Uterus, ca. 1511–1513. wash, over red chalk and traces of black chalk on paper, 1’ 8 5/8”. Royal Library, Windsor Castle.

  9. Raffaello Santi“Raphael” • 1483-1520 • Trained in Umbria by Perugino (Christ Delivering the Keys the Kingdom to Saint Peter) • Famous for paintings of the Madonna and Child • Young master moved to Rome; influenced by Bramante • Absorbed elements of the work of Leonardo and Michelangelo to create his own unique style • Talented, popular, and beloved artist who died young (entombed in the Pantheon)

  10. Perugino influence Figure 22-7 RAPHAEL, Marriage of the Virgin, from the Chapel of Saint Joseph in San Francesco, Città di Castello, Italy, 1504. Oil on wood, 5’ 7” x 3’ 10 1/2”. Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan.

  11. Pyramidal composition Figure 22-8 RAPHAEL, Madonna in the Meadow, 1505. 1505–1506. Oil on wood, 3’ 8 1/2” x 2’ 10 1/4”. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.

  12. Figure 22-9 RAPHAEL, Philosophy (School of Athens), Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican Palace, Rome, Italy, 1509–1511. Fresco, 19’ x 27’.

  13. Solely pagan image Figure 22-10 RAPHAEL, Galatea, Sala di Galatea, Villa Farnesina, Rome, Italy, 1513. Fresco, 9’ 8” x 7’ 5”.

  14. Introduction of a neutral background. Figure 22-11 RAPHAEL, Baldassare Castiglione, ca. 1514. Oil on canvas, 2’ 6 1/4” x 2’ 2 1/2”. Louvre, Paris.

  15. Michelangelo Buonarroti • 1475-1564 • Architect, painter, poet, engineer but regarded himself as a Sculptor first. • Sculpture is like divine power. • Worked mainly in Rome.

  16. Plays with scale and age Figure 22-12 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, Pieta, ca. 1498-1500. Marble, 5’ 8 ½” high. Saint Peter’s, Vatican City, Rome.

  17. Carved from a GIANT piece of marble. This piece had been carved unsuccessfully by several other artists. Figure 22-13 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, David, from Piazza della Signoria, Florence, Italy, 1501–1504. Marble, 17’ high. Galleria dell’Accademia, Florence.

  18. Moses with horns or “rays of light” Figure 22-15 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, Moses, from the tomb of Pope Julius II, Rome, Italy, ca. 1513–1515 Marble, 7’ 8 1/2” high. San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome.

  19. Michelangelo’s approach was more intuitive. Use his eyes and emotion to create proportions and harmony. Rejecting the mathematical precision of Da Vinci and Raphael. Figure 22-16 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, Bound Slave (Rebellious Captive), from the tomb of Pope Julius II, Rome, Italy, ca. 1513–1516. Marble, 7’ 5/8” high. Louvre, Paris.

  20. Neo-platonism Figure 22-17 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, tomb of Giuliano de’ Medici, New Sacristy (Medici Chapel), San Lorenzo, Florence, Italy, 1519–1534. Marble, central figure 5’ 11” high.

  21. Figure 22-19 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, Creation of Adam detail of the ceiling (FIG. 22-1) of the Sistine Chapel, Vatican City, Rome, Italy, 1511–1512. Fresco, 9’ 2” x 18’ 8”.

  22. Figure 22-20 Detail of the Azor-Sadoch lunette over one of the Sistine Chapel windows (FIG. 22-18) at the beginning (left) and final stage (right) of the restoration process.

  23. Figure 22-18 Interior of the Sistine Chapel (looking east), Vatican City, Rome, Italy, built 1473.

  24. Figure 22-21 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, Last Judgment, altar wall of the Sistine Chapel (FIG. 22-18), Vatican City, Rome, Italy, 1536–1541. Fresco, 48’ x 44’.

  25. RIGHT Figure 22-25 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, plan for Saint Peter’s, Vatican City, Rome, Italy, 1546. (1) dome, (2) apse, (3) portico.LEFT Figure 22-26 MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI, Saint Peter’s (looking northeast), Vatican City, Rome, Italy, 1546–1564. Dome completed by GIACOMO DELLA PORTA, 1590.

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