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Chapter 22 Cross Cultural Interactions 1000 - 1500 CE

Chapter 22 Cross Cultural Interactions 1000 - 1500 CE. 1000 - 1500 people of Eastern Hemisphere traded, communicated & interacted as never before. Mongols (pax Mongolica) create conditions for overland trade Improvement in maritime & other technologies led to increased traffic on Indian Ocean.

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Chapter 22 Cross Cultural Interactions 1000 - 1500 CE

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  1. Chapter 22 Cross Cultural Interactions 1000 - 1500 CE

  2. 1000 - 1500 people of Eastern Hemisphere traded, communicated & interacted as never before • Mongols (pax Mongolica) create conditions for overland trade • Improvement in maritime & other technologies led to increased traffic on Indian Ocean.

  3. Exchanges on Indian Ocean and Silk Roads included • Goods • Technologies • Religious faiths • Diseases (Different effects China & Western Europe) • Culture (troubadours see p. 575)

  4. Travelers include: • Marco Polo and other merchants • Ibn Battuta and other Muslim scholars to newly converted Muslim areas. • Missionaries - Sufi, Catholic - failed among Chinese and Mongols succeed in Scandinavia, E. Europe, Spain. • Diplomats to Europe from Mongols of Persia

  5. Recovery in China: Ming Dynasty 1368 - 1644 • After Mongols, Hongwu creates strongly centralized state • Reinstates Confucian system of exams • Also use Mandarins and eunuchs

  6. Ming economic & cultural recovery from Mongols • Forced peasant labor to rebuild infrastructure • Promote production of: porcelain, silk, laquerware, cotton textiles • Chinese culture stressed - Yongle Encyclopedia

  7. Recovery in Western Europe: State Building • Review • Italy, Spain HRE, France and England

  8. Trends • Direct taxes as new sources or revenue • Standing armies • Authority of central governments over nobles • Competition leads to small scale wars. • States fund technology to improve weapons and ships

  9. The Renaissance - cultural flowering that took place in Western Europe 14th - 16th Century • Looked to Greece and Rome not medieval world • Also linked by trade and preference to Eastern Hemisphere • Admired realism • This worldly not other worldly • Man is the measure of all things • Vernacular

  10. Begins in Italian City States especially Florence • Humanist literature • Know people discussed on p. 582 - 584 • Linear perspective

  11. Linear Perspective

  12. Alberti Grid

  13. Doge Ruler of Venice (left) Bellini’s Portrait of Maryam (an exemplary “Muslim” Woman”

  14. Brunelleschi Sacrestia Vecchia di San Lorenzo(1419-1428)

  15. Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence

  16. Michelangelo (Pieta in Rome) & Botticelli

  17. His Sistine Chapel “Creation”

  18. Exploration and Colonization: Recovery from the Plague -China and W. Europe • Early Ming emperors allow foreign merchants to trade in Guangzhou & Guangzhou • Chinese silk, porcelain & manufactured goods for gems, spices, fabrics • Zheng He’s voyages 1405 - 1433 • Why do the Chinese pull the plug - what did this mean for history

  19. Zheng He - Muslim Eunuch Admiral

  20. Chinese and European Ships

  21. Unlike Chinese who sailed for diplomatic, political and military influence W. Europeans sought profit and an expansion of Catholicism • Portugal - Henry the Navigator. To Ceuta, Maldives, Cape Verde, Sao Tome. • Bring slaves from W. Africa to Atlantic islands for heavy labor on plantations. This leads to Atlantic slave trade

  22. From Europe Around Africa to Indian Ocean • Entrance of Portuguese into Indian Oceans signals the beginning of European Imperialism in Asia. • Columbus to New World

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