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Introduction to Political Spectrum

Introduction to Political Spectrum. Word of advice. Words’ meanings change across time, culture and even ideology. Eg . “Liberal” Can mean A person who is more socially progressive, open to change; “left”

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Introduction to Political Spectrum

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  1. Introduction to Political Spectrum

  2. Word of advice • Words’ meanings change across time, culture and even ideology. Eg. “Liberal” Can mean • A person who is more socially progressive, open to change; “left” • A person who accepts the role of government in advancing equality in society but also recognizes the importance of individuals

  3. Key Terms A political ideology is an organized collection of ideas and values that describes a political system, movement, or way of thinking. Liberalism is a political and social ideology that advocates government activism, civil liberties, and social reform. Conservatism is a political and social ideology that advocates limited government intervention and the preservation or restoration of traditions. Political Spectrum is a graphical representation of a scale showing the positions of different ideologies. There can be many kinds.

  4. Terms ‘left’ and ‘right’ come from French Revolution 1789 Liberal Politicians sat on left of speaker’s chair Conservative Politicians sat on right of speaker’s chair

  5. Left-Right political spectrum • Liberal Left Centrist Conservative Right

  6. Conservative View • Values Tradition • Encourages Continuity • Discourages government intervention • Focuses on individual Liberal View • Values progress • Encourages Change • Accepts government intervention when it produces greater equality • Focuses on group

  7. Utilitarianism William Bentham (left) and John Stuart Mill popularized utilitarianism– “good” is any action that produces the greatest benefit for the greatest number of people. (See any problems with this?)

  8. Liberalism • Classical Liberalism • Analyze rationally the role of state • Modern Liberalism • Some role for the state in promoting political, economic and social equality

  9. Degress of Government Control Authoritarianim • Promotes rights of government over those of the individual • Permits little/no opposition • Controls via military/police Libertarianism • Promotes rights of the individual over those of government • Advocates dissent as a means to individual expression • Does not acknowledge government control as legitimate

  10. More Authoritarian (more government control) More Libertarian (less government control)

  11. A more balanced political spectrum • Liberal Left Conservative Right More Authoritarian (more government control) More Libertarian (less government control)

  12. More Authoritarian (more government control) More Libertarian (less government control) • Liberal Left Conservative Right

  13. Different Kinds of Political Spectrums • Good interactive website

  14. Key Words Totalitarianism - the government assumes total control of all aspects of society and individual life. Libertarianism - advocates maximum individual freedom and an absence of government intervention. Anarchism -all forms of enforced control and authority are unnecessary and undesirable.

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