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An Overview of Land Plant Evolution (Ch. 29, Plant Diversity I)

An Overview of Land Plant Evolution (Ch. 29, Plant Diversity I) origin from ancestors similar to charophytes bryophytes ferns other spore-dispersed plants. origin from ancestors similar to charophytes….

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An Overview of Land Plant Evolution (Ch. 29, Plant Diversity I)

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  1. An Overview of Land Plant Evolution (Ch. 29, Plant Diversity I) origin from ancestors similar to charophytes bryophytes ferns other spore-dispersed plants

  2. origin from ancestors similar to charophytes…

  3. The evolution of land plants involves changes in plant development related to reproductive biology.

  4. Chara - a charophyte - the whole plant body is haploid except for the zygote zygote egg and sperm production close up

  5. The origin of the land-plants includes a delay in meoisis, so that there are diploid vegetative cells in the life cycle.

  6. cuticle, a critical invention for land plants

  7. origin from ancestors similar to charophytes…

  8. origin from ancestors similar to charophytes…

  9. Table 25.1, chapter 25, p. 515

  10. Table 25.1, chapter 25, p. 515

  11. An Overview of Land Plant Evolution origin from ancestors similar to charophytes bryophytes ferns other spore-dispersed plants

  12. bryophytes: • Ca. 15,000 species • Gametophyte shoot with leaves is common. • Unbranched sporophyte, which has stomates

  13. Moss Life Cycle Spores produced in sporangium

  14. operculum D,E: Liverworts peristome teeth A-C: Mosses F, G: Hornworts

  15. Marchantia, a thallose liverwort

  16. Bazzania, a leafy liverwort

  17. archegonium of a liverwort antheridium of a hornwort

  18. sporophytes of two mosses haircap moss peat moss—Sphagnum

  19. moss spores—products of meiosis

  20. An Overview of Land Plant Evolution origin from ancestors similar to charophytes bryophytes ferns other spore-dispersed plants

  21. Life cycle for the ferns

  22. The ferns, with 12,000 species, are the most successful spore-dispersed vascular plants.

  23. Most ferns have a creeping stem and divided leaves…

  24. xylem phloem Vascular tissue—for moving fluids and providing structural support—is divided into xylem and phloem.

  25. Sporangia are in groups called sori.

  26. one sorus with sporangia hidden underneath an indusium

  27. Spores are produced by meiosis in the sporangium.

  28. Spores germinate to produce haploid gametophytes.

  29. The gametophytes don’t have shoots or vascular tissue.

  30. Fertilization

  31. Fertilization yields new diploid sporophytes.

  32. An Overview of Land Plant Evolution origin from ancestors similar to charophytes bryophytes ferns other spore-dispersed plants

  33. origin from ancestors similar to charophytes…

  34. the horsetails, Equisetum

  35. a clubmoss, Lycopodium

  36. a coal swamp, dominated by spore-dispersed plants

  37. Table 25.1, chapter 25, p. 515

  38. Fossil spore tetrads from the Cambrian are evidence of the origin of the land-plant lineage and its life cycle:

  39. Table 25.1, chapter 25, p. 487

  40. Table 25.1, chapter 25, p. 487

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