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Leviticus

Leviticus. “and he called”. Clean and Unclean. Ritually Makes a distinction between the clean and unclean Separated for a period of time Must purify ones self. Holiness Code Leviticus 17-26.

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Leviticus

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  1. Leviticus “and he called”

  2. Clean and Unclean • Ritually • Makes a distinction between the clean and unclean • Separated for a period of time • Must purify ones self

  3. Holiness CodeLeviticus 17-26 • “In the context of the history of religious ideas, the Holiness Code is an early example of the interpretive application of authoritative tradition.” (Wright, 363) • explains, adapts, updates, and reformulates the Priestly Torah

  4. How does it do this? • Holiness of G-d? • P • “Through those who are near me I will show myself holy, and before all the people I will be glorified.” (Lev 10:3b) • H – shows how certain behaviors make God’s name unholy • “The LORD spoke to Moses saying: Direct Aaron and his sons to deal carefully with the sacred donations of the people f Israel, which they dedicate to me, so that they may not profane my holy name; I am the LORD.” (Lev 22:2)

  5. Lev 11 • Yes • Land animals: Divided hoofs, cleft-footed and chews the cud • Sea creatures: fins and scales • Air creatures: does not specify • Winged creatures: winged insects that walk on all fours that have jointed legs above their feet - locusts, bald locusts, cricket, grasshopper, • Swarming creatures: does not specify • No – shall not eat or touch • Land animals: Those that chew the cud or have divided hoofs • Camel, rock badger, hare, pig, • Sea creatures: lobster, crab, shellfish • Air creatures: Eagle, vulture, osprey, buzzard, kite, raven, ostrich, nighthawk, sea gull, hawk, little owl, cormorant, great owl, water hen, desert owl, carrion vulture, stork, heron, hoopoe, bat • Winged creatures: all other winged creatures • Swarming creatures: weasel, mouse, great lizard, gecko, land crocodile, lizard, sand lizard, chameleon

  6. Lev 11(P)Lev 20:22-26 ( an addendum to Lev 11) • “You shall keep all of my statutes and all my ordinances, and observe them. So that the land to which I bring to you settle in may not vomit you out, You shall not follow the practices of the nation that I am driving out before you. Because they did all these things, I abhorred them. But I have said to you: You shall inherit their land, and I will give it to you to possess, a land flowing with milk and honey. I am the LORD your G-d; I have separated you from the peoples. You shall therefore make a distinction between the clean animal and unclean, and between the unclean bird and the clean; you shall not bring abomination on yourselves by animal or by bird or by anything with which the ground teems, which I have set apart for you to hold unclean. You shall be holy to me; for I the LORD am holy, and I have separated you from the other peoples to be mine.”

  7. Why these animals? • Categorization and Evaluation of Different Kinds of Interpretations of the Laws of Clean and Unclean Animals in Lev 11 by Jiri Moskala (2002) • Food for Thought: Systems of Categorization in Lev 11 by Naphtali S. Meshel (2008)

  8. Christians and Kashrut/Kosher • Mark 7:19 • Acts 10:12-15; 15

  9. Kosher? Other Symbols of Kosher. The most common symbol of kosher certification, from the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations, New York.

  10. Specific instructions on Priestly garments

  11. Lev 13Leprosy • “The person who has the leprous disease shall wear torn clothes and let the hair on his head be disheveled; and he shall cover his upper lip and cry out, “Unclean, unclean.” He shall remain unclean as long as he has the disease; he is unclean. He shall live alone; his dwelling shall be outside the camp.” (v. 45-46)

  12. The Scapegoat

  13. Lev 17:11 • The blood makes the atonement

  14. Lev 18:22 • ‘You shall not not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination” • Leviticus 18:22 and 20:13: Who is Doing What to Whom? By Jerome T. Walsh (2001) • Context of Holiness Code

  15. Lev 19 Various Rules of Conduct

  16. “You shall not heart in your Heart anyone of your kin; you shall reprove your Neighbors; or you will Incur guilt yourself. You Shall not take vengeance or bear a grudge against any Of your people; but you Shall love your neighbor As yourself; I am the LORD. (19:17-18)

  17. 19:27

  18. Lev 19.28 Lev 20.13

  19. 20.9

  20. The Penalties for Violations • death

  21. Holiness of Places • Sanctuary, the camp, the land • Graduation of holiness • New Testament “tearing of the curtain”

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