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Modifiers

Modifiers. …be more specific please!. Adjectives and Adverbs. Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs Generally, adverbs are formed by adding – ly to adjectives Perfect, perfectly The teacher’s perfect outfit made her feel ready for the day.

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Modifiers

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  1. Modifiers …be more specific please!

  2. Adjectives and Adverbs • Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns • Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs • Generally, adverbs are formed by adding –ly to adjectives • Perfect, perfectly • The teacher’s perfect outfit made her feel ready for the day. • The teacher dressed perfectly to tackle the day. • Clear, clearly • The teacher’s clear point helped the students understand the concept. • The teacher explained her point clearly so the students could understand the concept.

  3. Troublesome Modifiers(grrrrr) • Bad vs. Badly • Good vs. Well • Slow vs. Slowly • Real vs. Really

  4. Bad vs. Badly • Bad = adjective (modifies a noun or pronoun) • Badly = adverb (modifies verb, adjective, or adverb) • *Note: adjectives are used to modify the subjects of linking verbs • If the meat smells bad, don’t eat it. • If the meat has been cooked badly, don’t eat it. • Don’t ride with Mary, she drives badly. • Mary seems to be bad at driving.

  5. Good vs. Well • Good = adjective (modify noun or pronoun) • Well = adverb meaning “capably”, “satisfactorily” • *Do not use “good” to modify a verb! • * I feel good = I feel happy • * I feel well = I feel healthy • The school orchestra played well. • The school orchestra played good music. • That sweater looks good on you. • You dressed well today.

  6. Slow vs. Slowly • Slow = adjective (modify nouns and pronouns) • Slowly = adverb (modify verbs, adjectives, adverbs) • Sloths are slow. • Sloths move slowly. • The speed limit is slow through the neighborhood. • You should drive slowly through the neighborhood.

  7. Real vs. Really • Real = adjective (modify nouns and pronouns) • Really = adverb meaning “truly”, or “actually” • *Real = informally an adjective meaning “very” • Pinocchio wants to become a real boy. • Is Pinocchio really a real boy? • Most of the students seemed really eager to return to school. • When school starts, I’ll have to wear real clothes again.

  8. Practice makes Perfect • Ex 1 and 2 pg 618-620

  9. Comparison: Fast, Faster, Fastest • One-syllable Words • Positive: Fast • Comparative: Faster • Superlative: Fastest • Three-syllable Words • Positive: Punctual • Comparative: More Punctual • Superlative: Most Punctual • To show a decrease in qualities: • Positive: Honest • Comparative: Less Honest • Superlative: Least Honest • *Note the irregular forms on pg 700 • Absolute adjectives have no comparative or superlative form • Complete • Equal • Perfect • Correct • Eternal • Round • Dead • Full • Square • Empty • Impossible • True • Endless • Unique • Infinite

  10. Irregular Comparisons…they don’t follow the rules • Pg 622 • Bad, worse, worst • Badly, worse, worst • Ill, worse, worst • Good, better, best • Well, better, best • Little, less, least • Many, more, most • Much, more, most • Far, farther, farthest

  11. Using Comparative and Superlative • Use Comparative • When comparing TWO things • Both sisters are kind, but the younger is nicer. • Of the two pillows, the one on the right is the softer. • Use Superlative • When comparing MORE THAN TWO things • Of the recipes I have cooked, pork and apple pie is the most delicious. • Potatoes are the grossest vegetables.

  12. Problems… • Do not use double comparisons • This movie is more scarier than the last one. • This movie is scarier than the last one. • Include the word “other” or “else” when comparing an individual to a group • Anita has hit more home runs than any other member of her team. • John can skateboard better than anyone else. • Make sure your comparisons are clear • Kate’s arguments in the debate were more convincing than her opponent’sargument. • The call of the wildebeest is louder than that of the tiger.

  13. Practice makes Perfect • Pg 624-625 • Ex 5, Rev A

  14. Misplaced Modifiers • Modifiers should go as close as possible to the word they are modifying. • Undaunted, the storm did not prevent the team from playing hard. • The coach praised the team for playing their best while handing out trophies. • Grandma saw a doe crossing the road on her way to work. • I donated my porcelain cat collection to the Paws Museum, which was valued at two hundred dollars.

  15. Squinting or Two-Way Modifiers • Modifiers should clearly modify ONLY ONE word. • The President said yesterday his opponent spoke honestly. • The manager told two rookies after the game to report to the dugout. • They mayor said when the city council met he would discuss the budget.

  16. Dangling Modifiers • Modifiers must always clearly and sensibly modify a clear word or word group. • Determined, Christy’s plan was to run a marathon. • Having selected a route, the road trip was planned. • After reading the novel, the essay was assigned. • While wrapping gifts, Patio, my adorable cat, kept eating the bows.

  17. Practice makes Perfect • Pg 629, Ex 7 1-10 • Pg 630-631, Ex 8

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