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Physical properties of matter

Physical properties refer to characteristics of a substance that do not involve any chemical change or alter the identity of the substance. Common examples include density, melting point, boiling point, and solubility. For instance, density, calculated as mass divided by volume, helps identify objects, while melting and boiling points indicate the temperatures at which substances change states. Solubility defines how well a substance dissolves in another, with water often called the universal solvent. Understanding these properties is crucial in science and everyday applications.

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Physical properties of matter

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  1. Physical properties of matter December 11, 2013

  2. What exactly are physical properties? Any characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change Does not change the identity of the substance Examples: -- crushing, breaking, melting, freezing, boiling, etc. -- painting the spirit rock

  3. What is an example of a physical property? 1. Density – can be used to identify and describe objects • Is equal to the ratio of mass of a substance to the volume of the substance • Density = mass/volume • What is more dense, a basketball or a bowling ball? Why?

  4. How else can you determine density? • By mixing substances, the denser substance will be at the bottom and less dense material will be at the top • Ex.

  5. What is another physical property? 2. Melting point – temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid • Varies depending on materials • Ex. Water’s melting point is 0o C or 32oF • Table salt’s melting point is 800.7oC

  6. 3. Boiling point – temperature at which a material changes from a liquid to a gas • Ex. Water’s boiling point is 100oC or 212oF • Table salt boiling point is 1,465oC

  7. What’s another physical property? 4. Solubility – ability to dissolve into a substance • Two factors influence solubility • 1. solute – the material that is dissolved • 2. solvent – the material that the solute is dissolved into • Ex. Kool-aid powder in water, kool-aid powder is the solute and the water is the solvent • Water is known as the universal solvent

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