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Wednesday 2-4, DH 1046

Wednesday 2-4, DH 1046. COMP 446 / ELEC 446 Mobile Device Applications. Scott Cutler Professor in the Practice of Computer Technology Department of Computer Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering cutler@rice.edu 9/7/11. Today’s Agenda. Events of the week

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Wednesday 2-4, DH 1046

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  1. Wednesday 2-4, DH 1046 COMP 446 / ELEC 446 Mobile Device Applications Scott Cutler Professor in the Practice of Computer Technology Department of Computer Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering cutler@rice.edu 9/7/11

  2. Today’s Agenda • Events of the week • Final Project Philosophy • Review of current assignment • Cocoa Touch and Objective C • Next Week • Views, drawing, application life cycle • Assignment 3, Videos 5 and 6 • Graphing version of this week’s calculator COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  3. Events of the Week • Apple loses another unreleased iPhone • Google+ weekly visits on the decline • Windows 8 to offer both Metro and desktop interface • Judge rejects Oracle's $1.3 billion award against SAP • Toshiba's new AT200 is thinner than iPad, Galaxy Tab • Samsung Shows Galaxy Tab 7.7, Galaxy Note Android Phone • Dell to team with search engine Baidu on tablets, phones • Report details $250 Amazon Kindle tablet due in November COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  4. Current Roster • Waseem Ahmad • Joe Abdou • Carrie Boland • George Chen • Emmanuel Fuentes • Ivan Hernandez • Myuran Kanga • Sunny Kim COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  5. Current Roster (2) • Lan Li • Manan Mehta • Dennis Qian • Caleb Solano • Daphne Wert • Wen Xing • Fred Liu • Richard Latimer COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  6. Assignment Files • Unless otherwise instructed, submit assignment files as a zip file of Xcode project directory. • Ensure that all resources are part of the project directory so they are included in zip. • Clean project before archiving. Greatly reduces size. • Screen shots or PDF documents preferred for some assignments (when indicated). • OK to make multiple submissions when both file types needed – but not of individual Xcode project files. COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  7. COMP 446 (tentative) Syllabus • 8/24/11 Introduction / What makes mobile apps special Videos: Lecture 1. Introduction to Cocoa Touch, Objective-C, Tools, and MVC (September 21, 2010) Lecture 2. Building a Simple Calculator (September 23, 2010) Assignment: #1 and #1 Walkthrough - Calculator Due: Preferably watch videos this week, definitely by 8/30. Assignment due 9/1/11. • 8/31/11 Discussion of first applications, Development Environment Videos: Lecture 3. Objective-C and Foundation Frameworks (September 28, 2010) Lecture 4. Foundation and Memory Management (September 30, 2010) Assignment: #2 Function Calculator (Due 9/08/11) • 9/7/11 Intro to Cocoa Touch, Objective-C, Using Objective-C, Foundation framework Videos: Lecture 5. Protocols and Views (October 5, 2010) Lecture 6. Application & View Controller Lifecycle, Navigation Controller (October 7, 2010) Assignment: #3 Graphing Calculator (Due 9/15/11) • 9/14/11 ASP.Net with a little HTML Videos: Lecture 7. More Controllers of Controllers, iPad, Universal Applications (October 12, 2010) Lecture 8. Gesture Recognizers (October 14, 2010) Assignment: #4 Universal Calculator (Due 9/22/11) • 9/21/11 iPhone (pseudo) Web Apps / Browser Capabilities Videos: Lecture 9. Image View, Web View, and Scroll View (October 19, 2010) Lecture 10. Table View (October 21, 2010) Assignment: #5 Pictures Places (Due 10/06/11) COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  8. COMP 446 (tentative) Syllabus • 9/28/11 SQL 101 Videos: Debugging Tools (October 22, 2010)Kleiner Perkins iFund (October 15, 2010) Assignment: None. Review previous material • 10/5/11 Creating and Consuming Web Services Videos: Lecture 11. Persistence (October 26, 2010) Lecture 12. Core Data and Table Views (October 28, 2010) Assignment: #6 Core Data Places (Due 10/20/11, but watch lectures prior to 10/12/11 class) • 10/12/11 Final Project discussion and Pairing Videos: Lecture 13. Blocks and Multithreading (November 2, 2010) Lecture 14. Core Location and Map Kit (November 9, 2010) Assignment: Final Project Proposal (Due 10/18/11 along with Core Data Places due 10/20/11) • 10/19/11 iOS 5 Videos: Lecture 15. Editable Text, Modal View Controllers, and View Animation (Nov 11, 2010) Lecture 16. Core Motion, Segmented Control, and Alerts (November 16, 2010) Assignment: Final Project, Stage 1 (Due 10/27/11) • 10/26/11 Android Videos: Lecture 17. Media (November 18, 2010) Lecture 18. Accessibility on iOS: Make an App for Everyone (November 30, 2010) Assignment: Advanced Feature App (Due 11/03/11) COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  9. COMP 446 (tentative) Syllabus • 11/2/11 Windows Phone 7, Final Project Prep Videos: Assignment: Final Project, Stage 2 (Due 11/10/2011) • 11/09/11 Final Project Prep / iPhone v. Android v. Windows Phone 7 group discussion Videos: Lessons from Bezos, Pincus, Young: CEO 2.0 (November 12, 2010) (Optional) LinkedIn: Shipping with CoreData (November 5, 2010) (Optional) Assignment: Final Project, Stage 3 (Due 11/17/2011) • 11/16/11 Final Project Prep Videos: Building Flipboard (November 19, 2010) (Optional) Assignment: Final Project Presentation (Due 11/30/2011) • 11/23/11 Thanksgiving – Continue Final Projects on your own • 11/30/11 Demonstrate Final Projects to class • 12/4/11 Class Offsite – Sunday (tentative) • Finals Submission of final code due by official finals date COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  10. Final Project • To be determined by end of 6th week • Can target iOS, Android or WP7 device • Topic chosen class before mid semester break • Proposal submitted by 10/18/11 • Full Spec 10/27/11 • Various milestones including presentation to class on 12/30/11 • Final code for project incorporating comments from presentation due on the official finals date of the course. • This is VERY important: If you do not have a great project definition, the 2nd half of the course will suffer. With a great project, this will be an exciting course. • Projects can be done solo and in pairs. Richard Latimer can not be part of project team. • Great if your project could have life after the class finishes COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  11. Assignment #2 Questions COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  12. Week 4 • Watch CS193p lectures #5 and #6 • Preferably before Saturday. Definitely before next class. • Complete CS193p Assignment #3 • Try and complete before next class. Due day after next class. • Submit assignments, review lectures at www.comp446.com • Start thinking about big project COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  13. COMP 446 / ELEC 446 Mobile Wireless Services Project Objective-C and Foundation Framework Scott Cutler Professor in the Practice of Computer Technology Department of Computer Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering cutler@rice.edu 9/07/11

  14. About this Slide Set • Most of the content derived directly from Stanford University’s CS193p, Winter 2010 class as published on iTunes University. • See the original material on iTunes or at: http://www.stanford.edu/class/cs193p/cgi-bin/drupal/downloads-2010-winter COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  15. Learning Objective C • This is an important lecture. Go over it as many times as required for understanding. • If you are unsure, pull down and watch lecture 2 from the Spring 2009 Alan Cannistraro iTunes lecture. • Don’t be intimidated. • Soon you will know when to use: • ; + - { } [ ] ( ) * ** : @ // . # ! += % == • You will learn that: • LastName is not the same as lastName • Simple things are often complex • Complex things are often simple • Apple makes it easy for your app to look & feel like an iPhone app COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  16. OOP Vocabulary • Class: defines the grouping of data and code, the “type” of an object • Instance: a specific allocation of a class • Method: a “function” that an object knows how to perform • Instance Variable (or “ivar”): a specific piece of data belonging to an object • Encapsulation: keep implementation private and separate from interface • Inheritance: hierarchical organization, share code, customize or extend behaviors COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  17. Inheritance • Hierarchical relation between classes • Subclass “inherit” behavior and data from superclass • Subclasses can use, augment or replace superclass methods NSObject Memory management Superclass UIControl Generic Behaviors Subclass UIButton UITextField Specific Behaviors COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  18. Objective-C COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  19. Objective-C • Strict superset of C • Mix C with ObjC • Or even C++ with ObjC (usually referred to as ObjC++) • A very simple language, but some new syntax • Single inheritance, classes inherit from one and only one superclass • Protocols define behavior that cross classes (delegates) • Dynamic runtime • Loosely typed, if you’d like COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  20. Syntax Additions • Small number of additions • Some new types • Anonymous object • Class • Selectors • Syntax for defining classes • Syntax for message expressions COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  21. Dynamic Runtime • Object creation • All objects allocated out of the heap • No stack based objects • Message dispatch • Introspection COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  22. OOP with ObjC COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  23. Classes and Instances • In Objective-C, classes and instances are both objects • Class is the blueprint to create instances COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  24. Classes and Objects • Classes declare state and behavior • State (data) is maintained using instance variables • Behavior is implemented using methods • Instance variables typically hidden • Accessible only using getter/setter methods COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  25. Messaging syntax COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  26. Class and Instance Methods • Instances respond to instance methods • - (id)init; • - (float)height; • - (void)walk; • Classes respond to class methods • + (id)alloc; • + (Person *)sharedPerson; COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  27. Message syntax • [receiver message] • [receiver message:argument] • [receiver message:arg1 andArg:arg2] COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  28. Message examples Person *voter; //assume this exists likely through Person *voter = [[Person alloc] init]; [voter castBallot]; inttheAge = [voter age]; or inttheAge= voter.age; [voter setAge:21]; or voter.age=21; if ([voter canLegallyVote]) { // do something voter-y } [voter registerForState:@"CA" party:@"Independent"]; NSString *spouseName = [[voter spouse] name]; COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  29. Method definition examples Person *voter; //assume this exists - (void)castBallot; [voter castBallot]; - (int)age; inttheAge = [voter age]; - (void)setAge:(int)age; [voter setAge:21]; - (BOOL)canLegallyVote; if ([voter canLegallyVote]) { // do something voter-y } - (void)registerForState:(NSString*)state party:(NSString*)party; [voter registerForState:@"CA" party:@"Independent"]; - (Person *)spouse; - (NSString *)spouseName; NSString *spouseName= [[voter spouse] name]; COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  30. Terminology • Message expression [receiver method: argument] • Message [receiver method: argument] • Selector [receiver method: argument] • Method The code selected by a message COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  31. Dot Syntax • Objective-C 2.0 introduced dot syntax • Convenient shorthand for invoking accessormethods float height = [person height]; float height = person.height; [person setHeight:newHeight]; person.height = newHeight; • Follows the dots... [[person child] setHeight:newHeight]; // exactly the same as person.child.height = newHeight; COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  32. Objective-C Types COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  33. Dynamic and static typing • Dynamically-typed object id anObject • Just id • Not id * (unless you really, really mean it...) • Statically-typed object Person *anObject • Objective-C provides compile-time, not runtime, type checking • Objective-C always uses dynamic binding COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  34. The nil object pointer • Test for nil explicitly if (person == nil) return; • Or implicitly if (!person) return; • Can use in assignments and as arguments if expected person = nil; [button setTarget: nil]; • • Sending a message to nil? person = nil; [person castBallot]; COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  35. BOOL typedef • When ObjC was developed, C had no boolean type (C99 introduced one) • ObjCuses a typedef to define BOOL as a type BOOL flag = NO; • Macros included for initialization and comparison: YES and NO if (flag == YES) if (flag) if (!flag) if (flag != YES) flag = YES; flag = 1; COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  36. Selectors identify methods by name • A selector has type SEL SEL action = [button action]; [button setAction:@selector(start:)]; • Conceptually similar to function pointer • Selectors include the name and all colons, for example: -(void)setName:(NSString *)name age:(int)age; would have a selector: SEL sel = @selector(setName:age:); COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  37. Working with selectors • You can determine if an object responds to a given selector id obj; SEL sel = @selector(start:); if ([objrespondsToSelector:sel]) { [objperformSelector:selwithObject:self] } • This sort of introspection and dynamic messaging underlies many Cocoa design patterns -(void)setTarget:(id)target; -(void)setAction:(SEL)action; COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  38. Working with Classes COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  39. Class Introspection • You can ask an object about its class Class myClass = [myObject class]; NSLog(@"My class is %@", [myObjectclassName]); • Testing for general class membership (subclasses included): if ([myObjectisKindOfClass:[UIControl class]]) { // something } • Testing for specific class membership (subclasses excluded): if ([myObjectisMemberOfClass:[NSString class]]) { // something string specific } COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  40. Working with Objects COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  41. Identity versus Equality • Identity—testing equality of the pointer values if (object1 == object2) { NSLog(@"Same exact object instance"); } • Equality—testing object attributes if ([object1 isEqual: object2]) { NSLog(@"Logically equivalent, but may be different object instances"); } COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  42. -description • NSObject implements -description - (NSString *)description; • Objects represented in format strings using %@ • When an object appears in a format string, it is asked for its description [NSStringstringWithFormat: @”The answer is: %@”, myObject]; • You can log an object’s description with: NSLog([anObject description]); • Your custom subclasses can override description to return more specific information COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  43. Foundation Classes COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  44. Foundation Framework • Value and collection classes • User defaults • Archiving • Notifications • Undo manager • Tasks, timers, threads • File system, pipes, I/O, bundles COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  45. NSObject • Root class • Implements many basics • Memory management • Introspection • Object equality COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  46. NSString • General-purpose Unicode string support • Unicode is a coding system which represents all of the world’s languages • Consistently used throughout Cocoa Touch instead of “char *” • Without doubt the most commonly used class • Easy to support any language in the world with Cocoa COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  47. String Constants • In C constant strings are “simple” • In ObjC, constant strings are @“just as simple” • Constant strings are NSString instances NSString*aString = @”Hello World!”; COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  48. Format Strings • Similar to printf, but with %@ added for objects NSString *aString = @”Johnny”; NSString*log =[NSStringstringWithFormat: @”It’s ‘%@’”, aString]; log would be set to It’s ‘Johnny’ • Also used for logging NSLog(@”I am a %@, I have %d items”, [array className], [array count]); would log something like: I am a NSArray, I have 5 items COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  49. NSString • Often ask an existing string for a new string with modifications - (NSString *)stringByAppendingString:(NSString *)string; - (NSString *)stringByAppendingFormat:(NSString *)string; - (NSString *)stringByDeletingPathComponent; • Example: NSString *myString = @”Hello”; NSString *fullString; fullString= [myStringstringByAppendingString:@” world!”]; fullString would be set to Hello world! COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

  50. NSString • Common NSString methods - (BOOL)isEqualToString:(NSString *)string; - (BOOL)hasPrefix:(NSString *)string; - (int)intValue; - (double)doubleValue; • Example: NSString *myString = @”Hello”; NSString *otherString = @”449”; if ([myStringhasPrefix:@”He”]) { // will make it here } if ([otherStringintValue] > 500) { // won’t make it here } COMP 446 / ELEC 446 - Week 3

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