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Energy Transformations and Their Applications

Explore the various forms of energy and their transformations, from thermal and radiant to sound and chemical. Learn how everyday objects like a steam locomotive, battery-powered alarm clock, solar-powered car, and hand-cranked generator work. Understand the concept that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only transformed from one form to another. Discover the energy transformations that occur when operating a hair dryer.

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Energy Transformations and Their Applications

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  1. Thermal Radiant Sound Chemical Electrical Mechanical Energy comes in many forms:

  2. When energy is used to make things move, it is transformed from one form into another.

  3. Most energy transformations can be traced back to the sun: the original source of energy for life on earth.

  4. Simple energy transformation: Sunlight (radiant energy) shines on a person's face and changes to thermal energy.

  5. Why this happens: As your skin absorbs energy the molecules move faster which produces heat.

  6. Some energy transformations take place in complex chains.

  7. Old style steam locomotiveIn this old steam engine, steam is used to move pistons which make the wheels turn. Radiant Chemical Thermal Mechanical

  8. Old style steam locomotiveHow it works: Radiant energy from the sun is absorbed by plants. Plants produce chemical energy through photosynthesis. The plants die and become fossil fuels (chemical energy). In the locomotive the chemical energy is burned (thermal energy). The steam created from the thermal energy turns (mechanical energy) the wheels to make the locomotive move.

  9. Battery – powered alarm clockIn this battery-powered alarm clock, the hands move and an alarm rings when it’s time to wake up. Chemical      Electrical      Mechanical      Sound

  10. Solar-powered carMost cars run by using a battery for electrical energy and gasoline for chemical energy. A solar powered car runs using only energy from the sun. Radiant    Electrical   Mechanical

  11. Hand-cranked generatorA generator is the opposite of a motor: Motor: put in electricity and motion comes out. Generator: put in motion and electricity comes out. Chemical      Mechanical     Electrical    Radiant     Thermal

  12. THINK ABOUT IT Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only be transformed from one form to another. Identify all the energy transformations that occur when you operate a hair dryer.

  13. Transformations From source to use Energy source: fossil fuels (coal) Transformations: Chemical (burning) -> Thermal (steam) -> Mechanical (generator) -> Electrical -> Thermal and Mechanical (fan inside)

  14. Conclusion As we each move through our day, we are constantly witnessing and experiencing transformations of energy. • Alarm clock, microwave oven, lights, car • Even the leaves on plants are quietly converting solar energy into chemical energy!

  15. Critical Questions: • What energy transformations take place inside a working battery? • How about in your i-pod? • Flash light? • Hand-crank flash light? • Car engine? • Your body?

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