World History 1500 to Present

1. World History 1500 to Present Unit 1 Vocabulary: World Empires and Religions circa 1500 AD; Renaissance, Reformation and Scientific Revolution Intro SOLs: 1 a-e; 2 a-d; 3 a-c; 6 a-c; 14 a,b

2. How do we LEARN terms? • RECALL • “Know it: • ANALYZE • “Understand it” • APPLY • “DO something with that demonstrates that you really get it!”

3. Civilization • This is a complex culture in which large numbers of human beings share a number of common elements.

4. Cities Well organized government Complex Religion Job Specialization Social Classes Arts & Architecture Public Works Writing Key Features of Civilization

5. Locate the earliest human civilizations….

6. Know the Rivers/regions • Identify Main Religion

8. Theology • This is the study of religion and God which was the most highly regarded subject of the medieval university.

9. Name the 5 major world religions • Founders, books, tenets, and geographic distribution from Civ-Present http://www.mapsofwar.com/images/Religion.swf

10. Four Noble Truths • This is the basic beliefs of Buddhism that most of life’s suffering is caused by our desires for self-satisfaction.

11. *All life is suffering *Suffering from Greed *Suffering stops when greed stops * Stop greedby following 8 fold path

12. Caste System • This is a rigid set of social categories that determined a person’s occupation and position in society.

14. Ten Commandments • This was the set of guidelines revealed to Moses by God on Mount Sinai as part of the covenant between God and the Hebrews.

16. Hammurabi • This person was ruler of a Mesopotamian kingdom who built many temples and encouraged trade, but is best remembered for his super-strict law code.

18. Tikal • This was a large Mayan City in present day Guatemala that may have had a hundred thousand inhabitants.

20. Chichen Itza • Ancient city of the Mayan Indians located in the northern center of the Yucatán Peninsula of present-day Mexico.

21. 12-23-2012!! El Castillo

22. Tenochtitlan • Island city that was the Aztec capital where present day Mexico City is located.

23. CORTES

24. Black Death • The most devastating natural disaster in European history which killed about 1/3 of the population.

25. SEE a DR. ASAP!!!!!

26. Great Schism • This was a conflict within the Catholic Church when two popes, one French and one Italian, were elected at the same time and the disputes that followed weakened the political and spiritual authority of the Catholic Church.

27. This “schism” was the Western Roman Church…not the Eastern/Western Schism”

28. Leonardo da Vinci • This multi-talented Italian artist, painter, inventor, sculptor, architect and mathematician was the ultimate Renaissance man and even cut up dead bodies to better illustrate the human form in his art.

30. Medici Family • This was a powerful banking family from Florence that financed much of the Renaissance through their patronage of artists and inspiration to writers.

31. Giovanni Di Bicci Cosimo I Cosimo il Vecchio Lorenzo the Magnificent

32. Niccolo Machiavelli • This writer of the Renaissance believed that the key to gaining and maintaining power was to not let oneself be restricted by moral principles. He was one of the first political writers to abandon morality as a basis for analyzing political power.

33. The end justifies the Means It is better to be feared than loved Never take advice from a subordinate

34. The Prince • One of the most influential books on political power in the Western world, this work has stood the test of time as a handbook on how to achieve political power at any cost.

35. Cesare Borgia, son of Pope Alexander VI

36. Renaissance • This was an intellectual and artistic movement based on the renewed interest in the classical heritage of Greeks and Romans. It began in Italy and spread throughout Europe.

37. 3. 1. 2. 4.

38. Protestant Reformation • This was the religious movement that divided the Western Catholic Church in the early 1500s and created numerous Christian sects that are still in existence today.

41. Catholic Counter-Reformation • This was the official Church response to the divisive Christian reform movement that included the founding of the Jesuits, the reform of the papacy, the decrees of the Council of Trent,… and the establishment of courts of the Inquisition.

42. Society of Jesus, Jesuits More missionaries sent Strengthened Inquisition 1545 @ Council of Trent….clarified doctrines Made several changes based on complaints of Protestants 1560 -1648(After conclusion of Thirty Years War in Europe)

43. Johann Tetzel • This monk sold indulgences to German Christians, telling them they could buy forgiveness for their sins and for the sins of family members already dead.

44. German Dominican friar Disgusted Martin Luther to write his 95 theses (reasons the Catholic Church needed to shape up)

45. Martin Luther • This German monk and Bible professor believed that Christians could achieve salvation through faith alone and launched a religious reform movement to break with the Catholic Church.

46. “Did he or didn’t he????”

47. John Calvin • This Protestant leader set up a theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland and believed in predestination.

48. ORIGINAL SIN PREDESTINATION Educate Both Sexes Pray, Work, Learn, Die

49. Henry VIII • This ruler of England broke with the Catholic Church for mostly political reasons. He wanted a divorce from his first wife and when the Pope said, “No,” he turned to his own church courts and eventually made himself head of the Protestant Church of England.

50. Handsome and Athletic in his youth Married to a Spanish Catholic, had one child that survived, Mary I aka, “Bloody Mary” Married 5 more times, only notable child: Elizabeth I with wife #2, Anne Boleyn