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Acute Kidney Injury: An Introduction

This article provides an overview of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), its causes, symptoms, and complications. It also discusses the role of ultrasound in its diagnosis. AKI KDIGO guidelines and treatment options are also mentioned.

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Acute Kidney Injury: An Introduction

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  1. Acute Kidney Injury:An Introduction Hussein Sheashaa, MD, FACP Professor of Nephrology, Urology and Nephrology Center and Director of Medical E-Learning Unit, Mansoura University, and Executive Director of ESNT- Virtual Academy: http://lms.mans.edu.eg/esnt/

  2. Mortality in AKI Am J Med 2005;118:827–832.

  3. Mortality in AKI Kidney International advance online publication , 1 May 2013; in Press

  4. RIFLE

  5. AKIN

  6. AKI-KDIGO Guidelines • 2.1.1: AKI is defined as any of the following (Not Graded): • Increase in SCr by 0.3 mg/dL (26.5 mol/L) within 48 hours; or • Increase in SCr to 1.5 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days; or • Urine volume 0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 hours. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:1-138.

  7. AKIN and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients ( n= 1625 patients) Based on serum Cr Based on Urine output Nephrol Dial Transplant (2012) 27: 161–165

  8. 32,045 adult ICU patients J Am Soc Nephrol 2015;

  9. Presentation • History and manifestations of the cause • Oliguria or non-oliguria • Edema, hypertension • Uremic symptoms • Manifestations of complications. Comprehensive textbook of Nephrology 2010

  10. Presentation Symptoms Possible Diagnosis

  11. Acute Kidney Injury:Role of Ultrasound Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 9: 382–394, Feb 2014.

  12. Am J Kidney Dis. June 2014;63(6):

  13. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 9: 1132–1137, June 2014

  14. AKI KDIGO Guidelines:Do not use • Low dose dopamine (1A) • Fenoldopam(1C) • ANP (1C- IB) • Rh-IGF-1 (IB) Nephrol Dial Transplant (2012) 0: 1–10

  15. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 10: 21–28, 2015

  16. Cardiorenal Syndrome

  17. Example from a 1915 Death Certificate from Massachusetts. From Rudy’s List of Archaic Medical Terms at ttp://www.antiquusmorbus.com/English/Heart Stroke.htm

  18. Dialytic Support

  19. “You can't prevent what you can't predict.” K.M. Mac Aulay

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