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Walter Freeman

Walter Freeman. By Anna O’Hern. William Williams Keen. American physician President of the American Medical Association Freemans grandfather 4 daughters Corinne Keen Freeman Freeman was the first and favorite grandchild. Medical education was interrupted by the civil war

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Walter Freeman

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  1. Walter Freeman By Anna O’Hern

  2. William Williams Keen • American physician • President of the American Medical Association • Freemans grandfather • 4 daughters • Corinne Keen Freeman • Freeman was the first and favorite grandchild

  3. Medical education was interrupted by the civil war • Was a surgeon during the civil war • Had many published works • Fame made him wealthy after 1980 • Annual income exceeded $30,000 • Was only 5’2” so he had to stand on a box during surgery

  4. Walter Jackson Freeman I • Father to Walter Freeman II • Born in 1860 in Beverly, New Jersey • Parents led him to medicine • Moderately successful Otolaryngologist • Ear, nose, and throat • Married Corinne Keen (Freeman) after completing medical school

  5. Corinne Keen Freeman • Walter Freemans mother • Long after her death he confessed he had never loved his mother

  6. Walter Jackson Freeman II • Born November 14, 1895 • First of 7 children • Brothers: Richard, Norman, Jack, and William • Sisters: Virginia and Dot • Not close • Around the time x-rays were discovered and the publication of Freuds book on hysteria

  7. Poor health • Was often unwell • At 14 months old he had enlarged lymph nodes removed from his neck • Permanent paralysis of the trapezius and sternomastoid muscles • Droop of his shoulder and head • Measles, scarlet fever, whooping cough, mumps and pink eye • Was afraid of horses for reasons unknown to him

  8. Childhood • Full of questions • Little Walter why why • Shy and unathletic • Found girls to be bothersome • Didn’t start dating until medical school • Took up photography at the age of 13

  9. Education • Attended Yale fall 1912 at age 16- struggled • Awkward roommate • Would have been interrupted by WWI • Summer 1914 worked as an apprentice machinist • Thought he wanted to be an engineer • Struggled with descriptive geometry • Graduated Yale in 1916 after deciding to study medicine • 20 years old • Good at chemistry

  10. Work • Neurologist • Psychiatrist • NOT a surgeon • Aside from a Nazi doctor, freeman ranks as one of the most scorned physicians of the twentieth century

  11. Family • Had 4 children • Walter, Frank, Paul, and Lorne • Defended their fathers legacy

  12. Previous procedures • Leucotomy- cutting the neural connections in the prefrontal regions of the brain • Consistency of cutting warm butter • Leucotomies- surgical tool to cut the nerve fibers • Lasted roughly an hour

  13. James Watts • Jan 19, 1904- Nov 15, 1994 • Virginia Military Institute and University of Virginia School of Medicine • Psychosurgery • 2 books • Rose Marie Kennedy • Left Freeman

  14. Discussion • First thing you think of when you hear the word lobotomy?

  15. Lobotomy • Term coined by Freeman and James Watts • Used to relieve psychiatric disorders • Supposed to be the last option • Thrived in the mainstream- late 1930s- mid 1950s • First to preform one in the US • George Washington hospital

  16. Lobotomy Electric shock Ice picks Frontal lobe

  17. Alice Hammatt September 1936 • Before- agitated depression, uncontrollable apprehension, unable to sleep, laughed and cried hysterically • Almost didn’t have the lobotomy because of her hair • First lobotomy in the US • After woke up from surgery was alert and active • Didn’t feel any of her old fears

  18. Lobotomobile • Would travel around in his van and try to do as many lobotomies he could in a day • Often had people watching him preform the lobotomies

  19. Howard Dully interview • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q1-aCbnc4fg&t=54s

  20. Howard Dully • 12 years old • Didn’t know what had happened • Because his mother wanted to control him • In some ways lucky

  21. Discussion • Do you think we will ever be at the point of altering the brain again?

  22. Transcranial magnetic stimulation Stimulation delivered through electrodes

  23. Death • Walter Freeman passed away • May 31, 1972 • Theory was discredited

  24. Discussion • Would you get a lobotomy if it were he last option knowing the side effects?

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