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PowerPoint in consideration of Working Memory

PowerPoint in consideration of Working Memory. ChinaLinks Educational Consultants LLC. Working Memory: Definition. Working Memory is the ability to maintain and manipulate information over short periods of time necessary to guide behavior. Working Memory: Example.

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PowerPoint in consideration of Working Memory

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  1. PowerPoint in consideration of Working Memory ChinaLinks Educational Consultants LLC

  2. Working Memory:Definition Working Memory is the ability to maintain and manipulate information over short periods of time necessary to guide behavior

  3. Working Memory:Example 4371506 -----> 4371506 Maintain 4371506 -----> 6051734 Maintain & Manipulate

  4. Working Memory:Capacity • Limited • c.f. Miller’s magical number seven (chunks) : short term memory • Category of chunksdigits vs. letters vs. words (long vs. short)

  5. Working Memory:Models • Baddeley and Hitch model • Cowan • Ericsson and Kintsch

  6. Working memory:Baddeley and Hitch model Central Executive Visuo-Spatial Sketch Pad Phonological Loop(Articulatory loop) • Attentional control • : Making changes to practiced routine. (e.g., Altering driving to work routine when there is a traffic accident) • Dividing attention • : Multitasking • Switching attention from one task to another • Inner ear (phonological store) • Inner voice (articulatory process) • Closely related to visual imagery • Used to encode nonverbal visual and spatial information.

  7. Working memory:Current model Central Executive Phonological Loop Episodic buffer Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad Language Short-term episodic memory Visual semantics

  8. Bad PowerPoint Slides • Characteristics students don’t like about professors’ PowerPoint slides • Too many words on a slide • Clip art • Movement (slide transitions or word animations) • Templates with too many colors

  9. Good PowerPoint Slides • Characteristics students like about professors’ PowerPoint slides • Graphs increase understanding of content • Bulleted lists help them organize ideas • PowerPoint can help to structure lectures • Verbal explanations of pictures/graphs help more than written clarifications

  10. Student Learning • Students learn more when • material is presented in short phrases rather than full paragraphs • the professor talks about the information on the slide rather than having students read it on their own • relevant pictures are used. Irrelevant pictures decrease learning compared to PowerPoint slides with no picture • they take notes (if the professor is not talking). But if the professor is lecturing, note-taking and listening decreased learning • they are given the PowerPoint slides before the class

  11. Working Memory with PowerPoint • How to leverage the working memory with PowerPoint? • by dividing the information between the visual and auditory modality.  • Minimize the opportunity for distraction by removing any irrelevant material • Use simple cues to direct learners to important points or content. • Keep information displayed in short chunks that are easily read and comprehended

  12. Resources for better PowerPoint • What is good PowerPoint design?http://presentationzen.blogs.com/presentationzen/2005/09/whats_good_powe.html • Think Outside the Slidehttp://www.youtube.com/user/ThinkOutsideTheSlide • KWICKhttp://www.thinkoutsidetheslide.com/VSR_Chapter2.pdf • Improving PowerPoint-style Presentationshttp://chronicle.com/blogs/profhacker/improving-powerpoint-style-presentations/32126?sid=at&utm_source=at&utm_medium=en

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