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Acids vs. Bases

Acids vs. Bases. Acids Is a substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and carbonates, and turns blue litmus paper red. Usually with H+ ions Examples: orange, apple, fruit juice. Examples: hydrochloric acid ( HCl ) nitric Acid (HNO 3 ) sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 )

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Acids vs. Bases

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  1. Acids vs. Bases

  2. Acids • Is a substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and carbonates, and turns blue litmus paper red. • Usually with H+ ions • Examples: orange, apple, fruit juice. • Examples: • hydrochloric acid (HCl) • nitric Acid (HNO3) • sulfuric acid (H2SO4) • carbonic acid (H2CO3) • acetic acid (C2H4O2).

  3. Acid Traits • Taste sour (lemon juice) • Reacts with metals • This is the reason behind corrosion, acids eat away metals • Reacts with carbonates (CO32-) • Turns blue litmus paper red (an indicator of color change).

  4. Bases • A substance that taste bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue. • Opposite of acids • Typically has OH- ions. • Examples: • Sodium hydroxide • Calcium hydroxide • ammonia

  5. Bases Traits • Taste bitter • Examples: • Soap • Shampoo • Detergents • Slippery Feel • Ex: Soap • Reaction with Indicator • Red litmus turns blue • Other reactions • Don’t react with carbonates

  6. Uses of Acids • Found in many fruits • Lactic acid, produced by muscles, causes soreness • Nitric acid and phosphoric acid found in fertilizers • Acid to clean bricks • Sulfuric acid in batteries

  7. Uses of Bases • Calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide help make cement and mortar • Calcium oxide is used by gardeners to make the soil less acidic • Ammonia is used to as a cleaner • Baking soda used for cooking to fluff up breads and cakes.

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