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Greek Philosophy

Greek Philosophy. Def: Philosophy – pursuit of wisdom; the search for an understanding of values and reality through observation and analysis; basic beliefs. Main Philosophers. Socrates. Plato. 469-399 B.C. Focus: arete = goodness What is goodness? What causes good? What causes bad?

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Greek Philosophy

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  1. Greek Philosophy • Def: Philosophy – pursuit of wisdom; the search for an understanding of values and reality through observation and analysis; basic beliefs

  2. Main Philosophers Socrates Plato • 469-399 B.C. • Focus: arete = goodness • What is goodness? What causes good? What causes bad? • Thinking became known as ethics • Never wrote, only discussed ideas • Upset politicians = executed • Thought he didn’t believe in the Gods • Socratic Method: technique of question & definition • 429-347 B.C. • Student of Socrates • Wrote Apology defending Socrates • Started Academy (school) • Government run by “philosophy” – pursuit of goodness • Theory of Ideals • Ideal version of everything • Try to become ideal version through philosophy

  3. Main Philosophers Aristotle Question • 384-322 B.C. • Plato’s student @ Academy • Did not believe in ideals • People can reach goodness by power of mind (nous) • Tutored Alexander the Great • Lyceum – school of science & literature • Influenced how we study the world • Use of logic to understand the world • Why were Philosophers considered dangerous by politicians and other government leaders?

  4. Assignment • Philosophers question everything in order to understand the world.Try to be a philosopher by giving a definition to 3 of the following questions: • What is goodness? • What is knowledge? • What is love? • What is truth? • What is courage? • What is virtue? Steps • Give yourself one name to go by. • Write an introduction for yourself and why philosophy is important – critical to society. • Write a paragraph explaining three of the questions. • Then pick one defining sentence (quote) for each question (Ex: Love is _____)

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