Psychologically speaking

1. Psychologically speaking Lesson 8 Book II Sophia Li

2. Situational Comedy • Major conflict: the conflict between the mother, Mrs. Kent and the daughter, Eve. • Minor conflict: the fight over Mrs. Kent between Mr. Kent and Professor Waring, the psychologist.

3. The interesting thing is the resolution of the first conflict occurred at the same time when the second conflict was resolved. • Ø    This is what we might call a situational comedy. It does not have a particularly significant social or moral message to give to the readers. Nor can it be regarded as a great work of art. The main merit is its amusing story.

4. The play was written around 1940 and the setting was presumably a small town in the south of the United States. The chief conflict in the play was between the mother who wanted to stick to the traditional way of life and the daughter who yearned for change and freedom, especially, as is often the case, in love and marriage.

5. Structure • Part I (para1-para12) The story between Mrs. Kent and Thelma. • Part II (para13-para31) The story between Mrs. Kent and her daughter, Eve • Part III (para32-para52) The story between Mrs. Kent and Pro. Waring, the psychologist. • Part IV (para53-para57) The psychological experiment.

6. Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) • Austrian psychiatrist (精神病医师) and founder of psychoanalysis, the most influential psychological theorist of the 20th-century. Freud‘s theories, including the concept of the Oedipus complex (恋母情结), have had an enormous influence on art, literature, and social thinking. Freud's fundamental idea was that all humans are endowed with an unconscious in which potent sexual and aggressive drives, and defenses against them, struggle for supremacy.

7. Outline of today’s lesson • Lesson 8: Psychologically speaking • 1. Preview • 2. warming up: vocabulary building • 3. text analysis—detailed language points

8. Preview questions: • Who is the professor? • What made Mrs. Kent feel miserable? • How is the Professor going to help Mrs. Kent? • Do you think his method will be good and effective?

9. Creative role play: • Looking forward to seeing your creative results • ……………. • Self account: • Mr. Kent, Mrs. Kent, Eve and Stephen

10. Word study of Lesson 8 Bet Bid Confess Convention Crusade Crush Fuss Hasty

11. Bet

12. 1.Verb. (1) bet sth. against /on sth. to risk money on a race or an event by trying to predict the result 下赌注 e.g. You have to be over 16 to bet. e.g. She bet me 20 dollars that I wouldn't do it. (2) (SPOKEN) used to say that you are almost certain that sth. is true or that sth. will happen 敢说

13. e.g. I bet that we are too late. e.g. I'll bet you that he knows all about it 2.Noun. (1) an arrangement to risk money, etc. on the result of a particular event; the money that you risk in this way 打赌 e.g. to win/lose a bet e.g. I hear you are taking bets on whether she will marry him.

14. (2) ( informal) an opinion about what is likely to happen or to have happened 预计 估计 e.g. My bet is that they 've been held up in traffic 我估计他们是堵车了

15. phrases • verb I'll bet used to show that you can understand what sb.is feeling, describing,etc. e.g. I nearly died when he told me " I'll bet" used to tell sb. that you do not believe what they have just said e.g. ---I'm going to tell her what I think of her ---Yeah, I bet

16. I don't bet on it (spoken) used to say that you do not think that sth. is very likely 不大可能 e.g. ---She will soon get used to the idea ---I don't bet on it. you bet! used instead of "yes" to emphasize that sb. has guessed sth. correctly or made a good suggestion 的确 e.g. ---Are you nervous? ---You bet

17. you can bet your life dollar( on sth/ that...) used to say that you are certain that sth. will happen 毫无疑问 e.g. You can bet your life dallar that he'll be late.

18. NOUN the /your best bet ( informal) used to tell sb. what is the best action for them to take to get the result they want 最好的办法 e.g. If you want to get around London fast, the undreground is your best bet. a good / safe bet sth. that is likely to happen, to succeed or to be suitable 很可能发生的事情 e.g. Clothes are a safe bet as a present for a teenager.

19. Bid

20. Noun • [countable] • 1 an offer to pay a particular price for something, especially at anAUCTION 出价，(尤指拍卖中)喊价 • bid for • They put in a bid for the house. • The person who places the highest bid. • We've made a bid of nearly £400m for the company. • A takeover bid for the airline was launched today. • 2 an offer to do work or provide services for a specific price, in competition with other companies, etc.投标 • bid for/on(AmE) sth • The company submitted a bid for the contract to clean the hospital.

21. Noun • 3 an attempt to achieve or obtain something • bid for • a bid for power • bid to do something • a desperate bid to free herself from a loveless marriage • 4 a statement of how many points you hope to win in a card game桥牌的点数

22. Verb 1 • past tense and past participle bid present participle bidding • 1 [intransitive and transitive] to offer to pay a particular price for something, especially at anAUCTION 出价，(尤指拍卖中)喊价 • bid (somebody) something for something • She bid £100 for a Victorian chair. • What am I bid for lot 227? Shall we start at $500? • bid against • The two men ended up bidding against each other at the auction.

23. Verb 1 • 2 [intransitive] to offer to do work or provide services for a specific price, in competition with other companies, etc. 投标 • bid for/on(AmE) sth • Three firms bid for the contract on the new buildings. • 3.(used especially in newspapers) to try to do ,get or achieve sth努力争取；企图获得 • The team is bidding to retain its place in the league. • 3 [intransitive and transitive] to say how many points you think you will win in a game of cards

24. Verb 2 • past tense bade or bid • past participle bid or bidden • present participle bidding • Literary • 1 bid somebody good afternoon/good morning etc • to greet someone • He bade his friends good-bye and left. • 2[transitive] to order or tell someone what to do • bid somebody (to) do something • The queen bade us enter.

25. Confess

26. confess • 作及物动词时 • To disclose (something damaging or inconvenient to oneself); admit. See Synonyms at acknowledge 坦白：披露（对自己不利或有害的事物）；承认 • The prisoner refused to confess his crime.  犯人拒绝招供。 • To acknowledge belief or faith in; profess.承认信仰或信奉…；公开承认 • His conscience compelled him to confess.  他的良心迫使他承认。 • To make known (one‘s sins) to God or to a priest.忏悔：向上帝或神父忏悔（自己的罪行） • Many Christians regularly confess their guilty actions and thoughts to a priest.  许多基督教徒都按时向神父仟悔他们的罪行和罪恶思想。 • To hear the confession of (a penitent).聆听（信徒的）忏悔

27. 作不及物动词时 • To admit or acknowledge something damaging or inconvenient to oneself:供认：接受或承认一些对自己不利或有害的事物： • The suspect confessed to the crime.嫌疑犯供认了罪行 • If you want to do better, you'd better confess to your weakness at first.如果你要做得更好，你最好先承认你的弱点。 • To disclose one‘s sins to a priest.忏悔：向神父忏悔自己的罪行 • To listen to a confession.聆听忏悔

28. phrase • 1.Confess to do • confess to a weakness 承认有缺点 • 2.Confess to doing • confess to having heard about it 承认听说过那件事 • 3.confess one's error 承认自己的错误 • 4.confess oneself (to be) guilty 承认自己有罪 • 5.confess a sin 忏悔罪过 • 6.confess allegiance to 向...表示忠诚 • 7.confess the truth 实话说， 实言之

29. Convention

30. Noun [C,U] • The way in which sth is done that most people in a society expect and consider to be polite or the right way to do it 习俗；常规；惯例 • E.g. social conventions • By convention the deputy leader is always a woman. • Flout convention 无视传统习俗

31. [C] • A large meeting of the members of a profession, a political party, etc. (某职业、政党等成员的）大会，集会 {similar：conference} • E.g. the Democratic Party Convention 民主党代表大会 • [C] • An official agreement between countries or leaders （国家或首脑间的）公约，协定，协议

32. E.g. the Geneva convention 日内瓦公约 • The United Nations convention on the rights of the child 联合国儿童权利公约 • [C,U] • A traditional method or style in literature, art or the theatre (文学、艺术或戏剧的)传统手法，传统风格 • E.g. the conventions of Greek tragedy

33. Conventional adj. • (often disapproving) tending to follow what is done or considered acceptable by society in general; normal and ordinary, and perhaps not very interesting依照惯例的；遵循习俗的；墨守成规的；普通平凡的 • E.g. conventional behaviors/morality • She’s very conventional in her views. • Opposite: unconventional

34. [usually before noun] following what is traditional or the way sth has been done for a long time 传统的；习惯的 • E.g. It’s not a hotel, in the conventional sense, but rather a whole village turned into a hotel. • [usually before noun] (especially of weapons) not nuclear 非核的；常规的 • E.g. conventional forces/weapons • A conventional power station

35. Conventionality noun [U] • Conventionally adv. • E.g. conventionally dressed • Conventionally grown food • Conventioneer noun • A person who is attending a convention

36. Crusade

37. Crusade • [countable] • 1 a determined attempt to change something because you think you are morally right • ￚsee also campaign • crusade against/for • He seems to be running a one-man crusade against cigarette smoking. • 2 also Crusade • one of a series of wars fought in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries by Christian armies trying to take Palestine from the Muslims

38. Crusade • [intransitive] • to take part in a crusade • crusade against/for • He continued to crusade for free education for all. • ￚcrusader noun [countable]

39. Crush

40. crush • Verb • 1)to press something so hard that it breaks or is damaged • His leg was crushed in the accident. • Two people were crushed to death in the rush to escape. • 2)to press something in order to break it into very small pieces or into a powder • Crush two cloves of garlic.

41. Crush • 3)to use severe methods to stop people from fighting you or opposing you • crush a rebellion/uprising/revolt etc • The revolution was crushed within days. • 4)crush somebody's hopes/enthusiasm/confidence etc • to make someone lose all hope, confidence etc

42. Crush • 5) to make someone feel extremely upset or shocked • Sara was crushed by their insults. • crush on somebody phrasal verb • to have a feeling of romantic love for someone, especially someone you do not know well • a guy in my class that I'm crushing on

43. Crush • Noun • 1)[singular] a crowd of people pressed so close together that it is difficult for them to move • There's always such a crush on the train in the mornings. • 2)[countable] a strong feeling of romantic love for someone, especially one that a young person has for someone older who they do not know well • She had a huge crush on her geography teacher. • It's just a schoolgirl crush .

44. Crush • 3) • [countable] American English informal someone who you have a feeling of romantic love for, but who you do not know well • a first date with your crush

45. Fuss

46. fuss • N • Needlessly nervous or useless activity; commotion: There was a lot of fuss on moving day. 2. a. A state of excessive and unwarranted concern over an unimportant matter: “made a big fuss over one low test grade” Don't make so much fuss over the children. Don’t make a big fuss.别大惊小怪。

47. fuss b. An objection; a protest: It was silly to make a fuss over seating arrangements The longer working hours caused a big fuss. 3. A quarrel about petty points. 4. A display of affectionate excitement and attention: Everyone made a fuss over the new baby. When I arrived my nephews made a big fuss of me. 5. an angry disturbanceHe didn't want to make a fuss. He looked around for the source of the fuss.

48. fuss • V fussed, fussing, fusses 1.[T] worry unnecessarily or excessively: Don't fuss too much over the grandchildren--they are quite big now. 2.[T] care for like a mother: She fusses over her husband. 3. [T]To get into or be in a state of nervous or useless activity: fussed with the collar of his coat.

49. fuss 4. [T]To object; complain. 5.[I] To disturb or vex with unimportant matters. fuss over: to show great or excessive concern or affection for Amy fusses over her clothes.艾米过分讲究穿着.

50. Hasty