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SOLAR SYSTEM

SOLAR SYSTEM. THE PLANETS AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM. I. THE INNER PLANETS TOPIC 1: Two groups of planets A. Inner or terrestrial planets - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars B. Outer or Jovian planets - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto. MERCURY. TOPIC 2: MERCURY Characteristics

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SOLAR SYSTEM

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  1. SOLAR SYSTEM

  2. THE PLANETS AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM I. THE INNER PLANETS TOPIC 1: Two groups of planets A. Inner or terrestrial planets - Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars B. Outer or Jovian planets - Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto

  3. MERCURY TOPIC 2: MERCURY Characteristics 1. Size - Diameter of 1/3 of Earth 2. Distance from sun - .39 AU 3. Magnetic field - slight 4. Surface Temperature - 400 C to -200 C 5. Surface Features - 75% cratered

  4. MERCURY TOPIC 2: (CONT.) 6. Sidereal period - 88 days (note: rotates once every 5 days) 7. Moons or Rings - none 8. Other - Virtually no atmosphere

  5. MERCURY

  6. MERCURY

  7. MERCURY

  8. VENUS TOPIC 3: VENUS Characteristics - phases 1. Size - Same as Earth 2. Distance from sun - .7AU 3. Magnetic field - yes 4. Surface Temperature - 475 C a. why? Greenhouse effect

  9. VENUS TOPIC 3: CONT. 5. Surface Features - Volcanoes, Mountains, Craters, Plateaus 6. Sidereal Period - 273 Days 7. Moons or Rings - No 8. Other - Atmosphere 95% CO2 2%N, Rotates Backwards

  10. VENUS

  11. VENUS

  12. VENUS

  13. VENUS

  14. EARTH EARTH RISE

  15. MARS TOPIC 5: MARS Characteristics 1. Size - 1/2 diameter of Earth 2. Distance from sun - 1.5 AU 3. Magnetic Field - yes 4. Surface Temperature - 27 C to -125 C 5. Surface Features - CO2 Polar Ice caps, Craters, Dormant Volcanoes

  16. MARS TOPIC 5: CONT. 6. Sidereal Period - 687 days 7. Moons or rings - 2 moons, Phoebes & Deimos. Both are very small and very close! Captured Asteroids? 8. Other - Atmosphere very thin - 95%CO2, 5%N Life? 1/150 Atmospheric pressure

  17. MARS

  18. MARS

  19. MARS

  20. MARS

  21. MARS

  22. PHOBOS AND DIEMOS

  23. JOVIAN PLANETS II. THE OUTER PLANETS TOPIC 6: THE JOVIAN PLANETS A. Definition - Large, Gaseous, beyond asteroid belt B. General Characteristics - Made of lighter elements H, He vs. O, Si, Fe Consists of 3 layers - core, liquid mantle, gaseous outer layer. Rings - Moons

  24. JUPITER TOPIC 7: JUPITER A. Visiting Spacecraft - 4 Spacecraft, Pioneer, Voyager I & II B. Characteristics 1. Size - Largest planet 2. Distance from sun - 5.2 AU’s 3. Magnetic field - Yes, strongest of all planets 4. Surface Temperature - 5. Surface Features - Red Spot 3X’s the size of Earth Bands

  25. JUPITER TOPIC 7: JUPITER 6. Sidereal Period - 11.9 yrs 7. Moons or Rings – Many, at least 16, Almathea, IO (Volcano), Europa (Life?), Ganymede (Largest), Callisto 8. Other - Lightning

  26. Jupiter and its moons

  27. THE GREAT RED SPOT

  28. SATURN TOPIC 8: SATURN Characteristics 1. Size - Comparable to Jupiter 2. Distance to sun - 9.5 AU’s 3. Magnetic field - yes 4. Surface Temperature - -235 F 5. Surface Features - Rings, Bands 6. Sidereal Period – 29.5 Years

  29. SATURN TOPIC 8: CONT. 7. Moons and Rings - Many Moons, at least 20! Titan, Mimas, Rhan, Dione, Tethys, Iuputus, etc. MANY RINGS! 8. Other – Least dense planet, less dense than water.

  30. Saturn and its moons

  31. URANUS TOPIC 9: URANUS A. Discovery - William Herschel, 1781 1st to be discovered Galileo saw it but did not know it was a planet B. Characteristics - 1. Size – 3RD Largest 2. Distance from sun - 19 Au’s 3. Magnetic field - yes, upside down 4. Surface Temperature - -200 C

  32. URANUS TOPIC 9: URANUS 6. Sidereal Period- 84 years 7. Moons or Rings - Many (at least 15 small moons) Many (5 thin rings) 8. Tilt - Pole tilts toward sun 9. Other

  33. URANUS

  34. URANUS AND RINGS

  35. NEPTUNE TOPIC 10: NEPTUNE A. Neptune 1. Discovery: John Adams, England 1845 2. Visiting Spacecraft - Voyager 2 1989 3. Characteristics - a. Size - Twin to Uranus b. Distance from sun - 30 Au’s c. Magnetic Field - Yes

  36. NEPTUNE TOPIC 9: CONT. D. Surface Temperature - -214 C E. Surface Features - Greenish Blue, H2 & CH4 Detected F. Sidereal Period - 165 years, 16 hrs/ 1 day G. Moons or Rings - Triton, Nereid H. Other

  37. Neptune gets its blue color from methane gas

  38. PLUTO TOPIC 9: CONT. 1. Discovery: 1930 2. Visiting Spacecraft - None 3. Characteristics - a. Size – smallest planet b. Distance from sun - 34 Au’s c. Magnetic field d. Surface Temperature- -220 C

  39. PLUTO TOPIC 10: CONT. E. Surface Features - Rocky? F. Sidereal Period - 248 yrs. G. Moons or Rings -Charon H. Has a very elliptical orbital pattern. Will actually orbit inside of Neptune at times!

  40. SOLAR SYSTEM http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/academy/space/solarsystem/solarsystemjava.html

  41. OUR SUN CHARACTERISTICS: MADE UP OF 92% HYDROGEN (MOST ABUNDANT GAS IN THE UNIVERSE) SUN’S CORE TEMP IS 15,000,000 DEGREES CELCIUS MAIN SEQUENCE (ADULT STAR) 300,000 TIMES MORE MASSIVE THAN THE EARTH

  42. OUR SUN

  43. Asteroids • Small “rocky” objects that revolve around the sun (name means “starlike bodies”) also minor planets or planetoids • Move in highly elliptic orbits between the inner and outer planets

  44. MILKY WAY GALAXY WHICH OUR SOLAR SYSTEM IS LOCATED. CONTAINS 100 BILLION STARS. SPIRAL GALAXY CLOSEST NEIGHBOR : MEGELLANIC CLOUDS (IRREGULAR GALAXIES) 150,000 LIGHT YEARS AWAY

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