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Trigeminal System

Trigeminal System. Useful animations:. https://www1.columbia.edu/sec/itc/hs/medical/neruoanatomy/neuroanat/. Somatic sensory: A007. Sensory cranial: F003. Sensory cranial: F004. Somatic sensory: AN01. Somatic sensory: A006. Readings: Principles of NS

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Trigeminal System

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  1. Trigeminal System

  2. Useful animations: https://www1.columbia.edu/sec/itc/hs/medical/neruoanatomy/neuroanat/ Somatic sensory: A007 Sensory cranial: F003 Sensory cranial: F004 Somatic sensory: AN01 Somatic sensory: A006 Readings: Principles of NS General somatic sensory organization: 447-449 Brain stem/cranial nerve review: 873-880 Sensory nuclei : 880-882, Fig 44-6

  3. Nociceptors, thermoreceptors, & itch receptors are bare nerve endings Mechanoreceptors are encapsulated Bare nerve ending Merkel’s receptor Meissner’s corpuscle Pacinian corpuscle

  4. Dorsal horn Anterolateral system: spino-thal spino-retic spino-mesen

  5. Components of the trigeminal system • Spinal nucleus • Caudal nucleus Pain/temp/itch • Interpolar nucleus Pain/reflexes, etc, ??? • Oral nucleus Reflexes, etc, ??? • Main sensory nucleus Mechanosensation • Mesencephalic nucleus Jaw proprioception • Motor nucleus Jaw muscles

  6. Mesencephalic Trigeminal motor Main sensory Spinal trigeminal nuc: oral interpolar caudal

  7. Organization of the spinal trigeminal nucleus: caudal nucleus

  8. Ophthalmic division Maxillary division Mandibular division 7, 9, & 10 3 C2 2 1 C2 Interpolar nucleus 3 Caudal nucleus 2 1 C2 Upper spinal cord

  9. Input: Small-diameter fibers Marginal zone Substantia gelatinosa Spinal trigeminal tract Caudal nucleus Output: Marginal zone-->Thalamus, midbrain Substantia gelatinosa-->interneurons

  10. Spinal trigeminal tract Caudal nucleus Anterolateral system

  11. Trigeminal lemniscus Medial lemniscus Main sensory Anterolateral/ trigeminothal Trigeminal motor Medial/trigeminal lemniscus

  12. Mesencephalic Nucleus &tract

  13. Mesencephalic Nucleus &tract

  14. Somatic Sensory Thalamus Medial dorsal Ventral posterior medial-VPM (trigem) Ventral posterior lateral-VPL (spinal) Touch Pain Ventral posterior (VMpo)

  15. Anterolateral and Trigeminal Systems Ventral posterior-->Postcentral gyrus •localization

  16. Anterolateral System Ventral medialpost-->Insular •behavioral & •autonomic responses •“Limbic” Amygdala

  17. Anterolateral and Trigeminal Systems Medial dorsal-->Cingulate gyrus •emotional (-valence…) •“Limbic”

  18. - Pain suppression path Limbic cortex Periaqueductalgray matter Raphe nuclei(5-HT) Caudal nucleus

  19. Trigeminal System • Separate components for pain and touch • Brain stem nuclei: • Caudal nucleus (pain) • Interpolar nucleus (caudal part for pain-mouth) • Oral nucleus (???) • Main sensory nucleus • 3 Separate thalamic pain nuclei & 1 for touch: • Pain (VPM, VMpo, MD) • Touch (VPM) • 3 Separate cortical representations: • Postcentral gyrus (localization) • Insular (important for pain) • Cingulate (emotions, esp. for pain) • Pain suppression system • PAG-->Raphe nuclei (5-HT)-->Caudal nucleus

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