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DNA Structure

This lesson focuses on the intricate structure of DNA, or Deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a double-stranded nucleic acid shaped like a twisted ladder. It encodes genetic information essential for cellular functions, growth, and division. Key components include nucleotides, which are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases. These bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine) pair specifically to form the rungs of the DNA ladder, facilitating genetic stability and function.

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DNA Structure

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  1. DNA Structure CSCOPE Unit 06 Lesson 01

  2. DNA • Deoxyribonucleic acid • Double-stranded nucleic acid • Double helix shape—like a twisted ladder • Contains genetic information for cell functions, growth, and division.

  3. Nucleotide • Basic building block of nucleic acids • Three parts: • Sugar • Phosphate group • Nitrogen base

  4. Deoxyribose Sugar • Sugar component in the backbone of DNA • 5-Carbon sugar

  5. Phosphate Group • Binds with sugar in DNA backbone

  6. Nitrogen Base Pairs • Nitrogen base pairs form the “rungs” of the DNA structure. • Adenine • Purine base that pairs with thymine • Thymine • Pyrimidine base that pairs with adenine • Cytosine • Pyrimidine base that pairs with guanine • Guanine • Purine base that pairs with cytosine

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