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This page explores the intricate interactions between species within ecosystems. It defines an organism's niche, explaining how different species survive and compete for limited resources. Key types of interactions are detailed, including competition, predation (predator-prey dynamics), parasitism (host-parasite relationships), mutualism (mutually beneficial relationships), and commensalism (one-sided benefits). The concepts of symbiosis and coevolution are also examined, highlighting how species adapt to one another over time. This foundational knowledge is essential for understanding ecological balance.
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A. An Organism’s Niche • 1. A niche can be a range of conditions in which a species can survive.
B. Competition • 1. Relationship in which different individuals or populations attempt to use the same limited resource.
C. Predation • 1. When a predator feeds upon its prey.
C. Predation • 2. The predator is the organism that feeds on another organism.
C. Predation • 3. The prey is the organism fed upon.
D. Parasitism • 1. Relationship between a parasite and its host.
D. Parasitism • 2. A parasite lives and feeds on another organism.
D. Parasitism • 3. The host is the organism a parasite gets it nourishment (food) from.
E. Mutualism • 1. Relationship in which 2 species benefit each other for survival.
F. Commensalism • 1. Relationship in which one organism benefits and another is not harmed or helped (neutral).
G. Symbiosis and Coevolution • 1. Relationship in which 2 species live in close association.
G. Symbiosis and Coevolution • 2. Over time, these relationships may coevolve their adaptations in response to each other.