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Occupational Health Risks: Impact of Chemical, Physical, and Biological Agents

This document outlines the various occupational health risks associated with physical, chemical, and biological agents. It covers diseases caused by heat, cold, noise, radiation, and more, detailing specific illnesses such as heat stroke, frostbite, noise-induced hearing loss, and occupational cancers. The objective of Occupational Health Services Management Systems (OHSMS) is to control health hazards, promote employee health, and prevent impairment. Medical surveillance in the workplace plays a crucial role in early detection of occupational diseases and maintaining worker health through regular assessments and interventions.

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Occupational Health Risks: Impact of Chemical, Physical, and Biological Agents

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  1. DR. PARAMJIT SINGH Occupational Physician PARAbolic Drugs Ltd. OCCUPTIONAL HEALTHASPECTS

  2. DISEASES DUE TO PHYSICAL AGENTS • HEAT- Heat stroke , Burns • COLD- Chilblains, Frostbite • LIGHT- Miners Nystagmus.Cataract • PRESSURE- Caisson Disease, Air Embolism • NOISE- NIHL,HTN, Iritability • RADIATION- Leukemia, Aplastic Anaemia • MECHANICAL- Injuries & Accidents • ELECTRICAL- Shock, Burns

  3. DISEASES DUE TO CHEMICAL AGENTS • GASES-CO,CO2, HCN, H2S , CS2 • DUST- Pneumoconiosis • METAL- Lead, Mercury, Chromium, Mangnese • ACIDS, ALKALIES • SOLVENTS- Benzene, Trichloroethylene

  4. DISEASE DUE TO BIOLOGICAL AGENTS • BRUCELLOSIS • LEPTOSPIROSIS • ACTINOMYCOSIS • ANTHRAX

  5. OCCUPATIONAL CANCERS • CANCER OF SKIN • LUNG CANCER • BLADDER CANCER

  6. OCCUPATIONAL DERMATITIS • DERMATITIS • ECZEMA

  7. PSYCHOSOCIAL DISEASES • NEUROSIS • PEPTIC ULCERS • HYPERTENTION

  8. OBJECTIVE OF OHSMS • CONTROL OF WORK RELATED HEALTH HAZARDS • PREVENTION OF HEALTH IMPAIRMENT • PROMOTION OF PERSONAL HEALTH OF EMPLOYEES

  9. ELEMENTS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES • GENERAL PREVENTIVE HEALTH MEASURES • ASSESMENT & CONTROL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT • PREVENTIVE MEDICAL EXAMINATION

  10. INVESTIGATION OF WORK RELATED DISEASE • HIGH DEGREE OF SUSPICION • PERSUME EVERY ILLNESS TO BE OCCUPATIONAL UNLESS PROVED OTHERWISE • OBJECTIVES- Detection of occupational disease • Detection of source of exposure • Control of exposure

  11. MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE • Medical surveillance in the workplace is the systemic collection & evaluation of employees health data to identify occupational sickness. • To catch illness early • To prevent illness from progression • A backup to exposure assessment

  12. COMPONENTS OF MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE • Exposure assessment • Selection medical test • Determination of frequency of medical tests • Natural history of disease • Level of exposure to hazardous agents • Anticipated susceptibility of exposed person • Training • Identification of employees to be tested

  13. COMPONENTS OF MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE • Interpertation of aggregate test result • Action based on test result • Notification • Record Keeping

  14. PURPOSE OF MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE • Screening of individual workers • Surveillance of group of workers to identify high risk individuals • To detect impairment which may cause decreased functional capacity • Health promotion programmes

  15. METHOD OF MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE • Pre- placement/ pre- employement medical examination • Periodic medical examination • Fitness medical examination • Medical examination on retirement • Executive & above 40 years medical examination

  16. THANK YOU

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