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Additional Vocabulary relating to experiments:

This text explores essential vocabulary related to experiments and correlations in research. It defines key terms such as measurement and assigning scales to variables, including the use of a 5-point scale for responses. The mean, or average, is explained in the context of comparing experimental and control groups. Additionally, the coefficient of correlation (denoted as 'r') is discussed, detailing how it quantifies the relationship between two variables, with a scale from 0 to 1 to represent the strength and direction of the correlation. Examples illustrate the significance of these concepts in psychology and research.

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Additional Vocabulary relating to experiments:

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  1. Additional Vocabulary relating to experiments: Measurement/Ordering: Assigning numbers or scales to variables in an experiment. Ex: Using a 5 point scale ranging from “never” through “rarely” “sometimes”…..

  2. Additional Vocabulary relating to experiments: Mean: technical term for average. You will compare (2) means if you are working with an experimental group and a control group.

  3. Additional Vocabulary relating to correlations: Coefficient of correlation: (The symbol for the coefficient of correlation is a lower case “r”.) How closely are two variables related? For example, how closely is being anorexic related to being a perfectionist? The coefficient of correlation is expressed as a number between 0 and 1. Zero means no correlation and 1 means a perfect correlation.

  4. Additional Vocabulary relating to correlations: Coefficient of correlation: The coefficient of correlation can either be (+) or (-) . The “strength” of this relationship is what is indicated by the number 0-1. *This is very important!

  5. Coefficient of correlation: Ex: The number of times a student is absent from class correlates -.40 with the final course grade. *It is a neg. correlation because as one factor goes up (the # of times class is missed) the other factor goes down (grades.) *A coefficient of .40 (on a scale of 0-1) indicates somewhat of a correlation/relationship between the two. Remember the scale ranges from 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3……..1.

  6. Coefficient of correlation: *A coefficient of -.90 (on a scale of 0-1) would have indicated an extremely strong correlation between missing class and your final course grade. (You would be destined to fail.) In Psychology, anything above a .60 (+/-) correlation is considered to be quite high. Anything below .20 (+/-) is judged to be only minimally useful.

  7. Correlations do not indicate a cause and effect relationship like experiments. Ex: There is a correlation between the softness of the asphalt in the streets and the number of heat stroke cases. Does soft asphalt CAUSE heat strokes? No, the SUN, a third variable causes heat strokes. There is simply a correlation between the two.

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