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Covalent Bonding Formulas & Names (including Acids)

Covalent Bonding Formulas & Names (including Acids). Chem -To-Go Lesson 16 Unit 4. What is a covalent bond?. Covalent Bond = a nonmetal atom shares valence electrons with another nonmetal atom; both atoms achieve stability. We’ll learn to: Name covalent compounds

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Covalent Bonding Formulas & Names (including Acids)

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  1. Covalent Bonding Formulas & Names (including Acids) Chem-To-Go Lesson 16 Unit 4

  2. What is a covalent bond? Covalent Bond = a nonmetal atom shares valence electrons with another nonmetal atom; both atoms achieve stability We’ll learn to: Name covalent compounds Write formulas for covalent compounds Draw Lewis structures Analyze Lewis structures to predict properties

  3. Important prefixes • Mono • Di • Tri • Tetra • Penta • Hexa • Hepta • Octa • Nona • Deca

  4. Writing formulas • Use the prefixes to determine subscripts for each element. • NO IONS, THEREFORE NO CRISS-CROSSING! EXAMPLE 2: dinitrogen trioxide EXAMPLE 3: tricarbonoctahydride EXAMPLE 1: phosphorus trioxide

  5. Writing Names • Use the prefixes to determine subscripts for each element. • NO IONS, THEREFORE NO CRISS-CROSSING! EXAMPLE 2: CF4 EXAMPLE 3: P2O6 EXAMPLE 1: N2O5

  6. Special type of covalent compound:Acids Acid = compound that produces H+ ions when dissolved in water How to Recognize Acids: Find H at the front of the chemical formula. • Examples of Acids: • H2SO4 • HCl • HNO3 • HBr

  7. Two types of ACids Binary Acids Oxyacids Contain H bonded to a POLYATOMIC ION Writing Names IF –ATE ion: root + ic acid Ex. HNO3= nitric acid Ex. H2SO4= sulfuric acid IF –ITE ion: root + ousacid Ex. HNO2= nitrous acid Ex. H2SO3= sulfurous acid • Contain H bonded to ONE other element • Writing Names • Hydro + root + ic acid • Ex. HCl = hydrochloric acid • Ex. H2S = hydrosulfuric acid • Ex. HI = hydroiodic acid

  8. Formulas of ACids Binary Acids Oxyacids Criss-cross the ion charges as if the compound was ionic Example: hydronitric acid “Yes hydro, No polyatomic” Example: chlorous acid “No hydro, Yes polyatomic”

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