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'i'. Explosionprotection made by PTB:. ispark. a method for computer aided assessment and design of intrinsically safe circuits with L o and C o. -. Ik_000.PPT. Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin. 'i'. User target group.

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  1. 'i' Explosionprotection made by PTB: ispark a method for computer aided assessment and design of intrinsically safe circuits with Lo and Co - Ik_000.PPT Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin

  2. 'i' User target group • Operators of sites requiring explosion protection • Manufacturers of explosion protected apparatus • Third party experts • Testing and certification bodies ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 104

  3. 'i' What does the method provide? On the base of preset electrical source data, intrinsic safety of the source itself is checked and maximum permissible capacitances Co and inductances Lo are determined, specialities of cable reactances are picked up, granting some more headspace for site installations ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 100

  4. 'i' How does it work? Systematic investigation of experimental ignition testing results, using the standardized spark test apparatus, yielded characteristic electrical and calorical parameters. A computer program uses these parameters for a model based calculation ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 110

  5. 'i' Competing methods • practical use of the standardized spark test apparatus • analytical evaluation against reference ignition data according to IEC 60079-11 ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 114

  6. 'i' Disadvantages of practically using the standardized spark test apparatus • the standardized spark test apparatus itself, including appropriate infrastructure, is required • usage is prone to errors and often lengthy • experimental results are dependable only if statistically analysed, the standardized type test reveals no real significance ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 119

  7. 'i' Drawbacks using reference ignition data • reference ignition data are available only for some very simple sources and circuits • certain effects are not comprised by those data, for example non linearities and cables • usage is prone to error and often lengthy • reference ignition data often reveal quantita-tive contradictions ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 121

  8. 'i' Advantages using ispark • arbitrary electrical sources can be assessed • circuits comprising both, inductances AND capacitances as well as cables, are included • the application is simpliest to use • reproducibility and coherence are very high ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 140

  9. 'i' What kind of data must be preset? • zone 0,1 resp. zone 2 (safety factor 1,5 resp. 1,0) • gasgroup • type of circuit including quantities • for multiple sources parallel and/or serial con-nection • type of freewheeling if any • Cable data: L‘, C‘ and R‘ ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 150

  10. 'i' What kind of data are reported? • summary of preset data • if the source is determined intrinsically safe, a list of maximum Lo/Co pairs which are per-missible concurrently within the circuit • if inclusion of cables is claimed, additionally to Co/Lo pairs, a maximum cable length extra allowed ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 160

  11. 'i' What's needed to use ispark? • personnelfor type in electricaldataand handle thereportedresults • a commonstandard PC runningat least Win2000 (uptoWin7_64) • theprogrampackageisparkitself • a licensegrantedbyPTB (royaltyis € 2560.-, halvedforacknowledgedcertificationbodies) • Note: Licenseincludes all subsequent impro-vements/versionsofisparkwithout additional charge ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 180

  12. 'i' ispark‘s status today? • in PTBusingisparkisthefirstchoicewhenassessingcircuitsforcertification • aboutone-thirdof European NotifiedBodieshave a licenseforispark • as well asone-thirdofIECExparticipants • weaknessesofstandardized experimental type testingnowadaysarefoundmoreandmore - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 180

  13. 'i' For further information please contact Martin Krämer, Dipl.-Ing., Ag 3.62 Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 100 38116 Braunschweig, DEUTSCHLAND tel: (+49) 0531/592-3525 fax: (+49) 0531/592-3605 email: martin.kraemer@ptb.de ispark - Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin 190

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