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Imaging Advances in Speech Anatomy and Behavior: Current Findings and Future Directions

Explore the latest research in imaging of speech anatomy and behavior, with a focus on normative data, clinical applications, and solutions to difficult imaging problems. Learn about muscle segmentation, surgical planning, and more.

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Imaging Advances in Speech Anatomy and Behavior: Current Findings and Future Directions

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  1. Preliminary Work and Proposed Continuation: Imaging of Speech Anatomy and Behavior Mark Hasegawa-Johnson, ECE Department Thomas Conturo, Washington University Xuming He, Illinois David Kuehn, Illinois Zhi-Pei Liang, Illinois Jeff Marsh, Children's Hospital St. Louis Lynn Marty-Grames, Children's Hospital Jerry Moon, Iowa Victor Schepkin, Illinois Reiner Wilhelms-Tricarico, MIT

  2. Outline • History: Normative Data • Future: Clinical Data • Difficult Imaging Problems and Possible Solutions

  3. Normative Data: Speech PostureHasegawa-Johnson et al., http://www.ifp.uiuc.edu/speech/mri • Purpose: Normative data for articulatory therapy, speech synthesis, speech science. • 3mm Multislice, 750ms/image, 25 seconds breath hold.

  4. Normative Tagged Cine-MRIStone et al., 2001 • Purpose: Direct observation of biomechanical quantities. • Limitation: 32 repetitions per image sequence.

  5. Diffusion Tensor MRI, Bovine TongueWedeen et al., 2001 • Purpose: Muscle segmentation, structure. • Limitation: Long acquisition => animal specimens.

  6. Clinical Objective: Surgical PlanningKacker, 2000 Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome • Normal intelligence, personality. • At least 9 published resection methods; no quantitative comparison of results.

  7. Finite Element Modeling of Surgery Objective of Proposed Preliminary Study: Simulate effects of two common surgeries. Limitation: detailed knowledge of structure & biomechanical properties.

  8. Clinical Data: Surgical, Cadaver Samples Microscopic imaging of surgically excised tissue, Diffusion tensor imaging of muscle structure (goal: first DTI of human tongue). Target Resolution: fascicle thickness = 0.1mm.

  9. Clinical Data: Pre-operative and Post-operative MRI Objective: Surgical Planning Objective: Post-surgical follow-up, correlation of anatomical and behavioral variables Limitation: Muscle-Muscle Segmentation

  10. Clinical: Kinematic Diagnosis Objective: Identify correlations between anatomy, behavior. Limitation: Speed.

  11. Difficult Imaging Problems • Segmentation: Transverse and longitudinal muscle indistinguishable w/o diffusion weighting. • Diffusion Weighting: Ambiguous in presence of blood flow. • Speed: • Sedated: 20 minutes. • Breath hold: 5 seconds. • Dynamic: 10-50 ms.

  12. Possible Solution: Segmentation • Bayesian image segmentation -- combine: • Prior knowledge (other segmented volumes) • Ambiguous anatomical image • Ambiguous diffusion tensor image • User-supplied "hints"

  13. Possible Solutions: Speed • Image-recognition based image reconstruction • RIGR (Liang 1992): Morph a prior image to match partial k-space data. • Prior information about tongue shape, e.g. from factor analysis of normative tongue shapes (Hasegawa-Johnson & Zheng, 1999):

  14. Conclusions • Speech Science Research Issues • Muscle fiber organization • Strain dynamics of soft tissue • Clinical Applications • Surgical planning • Diagnosis of biomechanical defects • Difficult Imaging Problems • Segmentation of inter-muscle boundaries • High-speed dynamic imaging

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