construction methods & materials

1. construction methods & materials Methods of Building Construction & measurements Prepared By Nedal AlShiekh 120060049 Aref AlGhool 120060639 Saeid AlSahar 120060641 Supervised By Dr.Wae'l Elbowab

2. Method of measurements • 1- Conventional measurement (الكيل البلدي) • Depends on experience, and type of project. • Doesn't govern by theories or engineering basics. • Not considered as scientific method. (difference from place to another ) • Doesn't subtract the opening as windows or doors from the block, plastering, painting works and computing whole wall. 2- Engineering measurement (الكيل الهندسي) It is calculating all the works finished after subtracting all opening.

3. Engineering measurement

4. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works

5. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works First choice the suitable equipments .

6. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works cont. For you as a site engineer The best way for excavation & fill works is by lump-sum. You can work by day /hour if you need. You can work by numbers of pits if you need. You can use any way according to the situation you have

7. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works The best way for excavation & fill works is by lump-sum.

8. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works You can work by day /hour if you need.

9. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works You can work by numbers of pits if you need.

10. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works You can work by day /hour if you need.

11. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works prepare the site for axis work & foundation

12. Building Construction Excavation & Fill Works

13. Building Construction Concrete works The binding concrete for footing and Concrete for footing had the same way at measurement m³. At the Conventional measurement we had: • Concrete for column neck every two column necks ( with h ≤1.5 m) consider as 1 m³. • Concrete for column every column ( with h ≤ 3 m) consider as 1 m³. • Concrete for Ground beams every 5 M.R. consider as 1 m³. • Concrete for lintels every 6 M.R. consider as 1 m³.(some times make difference between external and internal lintels)

14. Building Construction Concrete works cont. • Concrete for Floors and slabs measured by m² with out subtract the opening if found. • Concrete for stairs every 3 stairs consider as 1 m³ & every landing consider as 1 m³. • Foam concrete for final roof measured by m² with out subtract the opening if founded. • Concrete for decorations measured by NO.

15. Building Construction Concrete works Start concrete works ,first binding concrete

16. Building Construction Concrete works cont. concreteworks , binding concrete m³

17. Building Construction Concrete works cont. concrete works , foundation concrete m³

18. Building Construction Concrete works cont. concrete works , ground beams ,every 5MR = m³

19. Building Construction Concrete works cont. concrete works , columns concrete every column m³

20. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Concrete for Floors and slabs measured by m² with out subtract the opening if found.

21. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Steel works , MPE (mechanical, plumbing and electrical)

22. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Concrete for Floors and slabs measured by m² with out subtract the opening if found.

23. Building Construction Concrete works cont.

24. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Concrete mixtures • Ready mixtures from concrete factories as you need. • Site mixtures at the work site as you need . for example we can make concrete B250 at the site by using the ratio 1:2:3 (1 cement: 2 sand : 3 aggregates) and water as needed and by experience. • 1m³ B250 needs 7 bags cement( 350 kg) . • The truck of sand or aggregates can be (20-25 ton)

25. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Ready mixtures

26. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Ready mixtures

27. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Site mixtures

28. Building Construction Concrete works cont. 1:2:3 Site Mixtures

29. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Aggregate by weight Sand by truck

30. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Tractors 3-6 ton loader 1.50 ton

31. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Concrete tests

32. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Foam concrete • Foam concrete use for the final roof slopes. • Ready mixtures every 1m³ content of 400 kg cement :1100 kg sand :12 kg foam plus 2 liter admixtures. • The mixer carry from the factory 4 m³ and reach the site with 8 m³ (the foam extended).

33. Building Construction Concrete works cont. Foam pump

34. Building Construction Concrete works cont.

35. Building Construction block works • The engineering measurement of block works is by m². • The conventional measurement of block works is by m² with out subtract the opening and the lintels. • Every 1 m² is 12.5 block ( 20* 40* W). • The morter for block works 4:12 :2 ( cement : sand : Sheed). • Every 100 blocks need a morter of 1 bag of cement .

36. Building Construction block works

37. Building Construction block works

38. Building Construction Plastering works • The engineering measurement of plastering works is by m². • The conventional measurement of plastering works is by m² with out subtract the opening. every angle measured as 1 m² , every 4-5 MR wire mish (يوتا أو خيش) measured as 1 m². • The morter ready mixture m³(1800kg sand :400kg fine aggregate .(ترابية) • The morter site mixture for plastering works: - القصارة البلدية4:10 :1 ( cement : sand : Sheed). - القصارة الشلخته4:16 :2 ( cement : sand : Sheed). دلو رمل بحر)2.5 +دلو شيد مصول 1) وجه الشلخته

39. Building Construction Plastering works cont. • Room 4*4 m needsmorter mixture as : القصارة البلدية- 5 -7 bags of cement . القصارة الشلخته- 4 -5 bags of cement (for black plaster) و هذه الغرفة تحتاج 2 دلو شيد مصول • At the external plastering some times make a face called وجه باطون ) ) 4 : 6 (4 cement :6 sand) Mixture of 1 bag cement cover 12-15 m². • Tirylyon works الرشقة الخارجية (1كيس اسمنت أبيض: كيس4 كوارس :6 دلو رمل ) خلطة كيس اسمنت تغطي من 20- 25م² وجهين .

40. Building Construction Plastering works cont. • Room 4*4 m needsmorter mixture as : القصارة البلدية - 5 -7 bags of cement . القصارة الشلخته -4 -5 bags of cement (for black plaster) و هذه الغرفة تحتاج 2 دلو شيد مصول • At the external plastering some times make a face called وجه باطون ) ) 4 : 6 (4 cement :6 sand) Mixture of 1 bag cement cover 12-15 m². • External works الرشقة الخارجية (1كيس اسمنت أبيض: 4 كيس كوارس : 6 دلو رمل ) خلطة كيس اسمنت أبيض تغطي من 20- 25م² وجهين .

41. Building Construction Plastering works 1:2

42. Building Construction Plastering works

43. Building Construction Plastering works

44. Building Construction Plastering works

45. Building Construction Plastering works

46. Building Construction Plastering works

47. Building Construction Plastering works

48. Building Construction Plastering works

49. Building Construction Plastering works

50. Building Construction Tiles works • The engineering measurement of tiles works is by m². • The conventional measurement of tiles works is by m² with out subtract the opening . - ² = 1م البانيل يكيل كل 2-3 م .ط - Windows sit measured by numbers. - Stairs marble measured by stairs. • The morter for ground tiles works 4:14:2 ( cement : sand : Sheed) cover 10 m². • The morter for wall tiles works 4:10:2 ( cement : sand : Sheed) cover 8 m².