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Civil Rights

Civil Rights. Civil Rights. 1876-1965 – Jim Crow Laws De jure segregation – laws in place in the south for racial segregation. De facto segregation – In the North….no laws put in place, just a way of life Denied housing Impacted employment. Brown V Board. 1954 – Topeka KS

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Civil Rights

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  1. Civil Rights

  2. Civil Rights • 1876-1965 – Jim Crow Laws • De jure segregation – laws in place in the south for racial segregation

  3. De facto segregation – In the North….no laws put in place, just a way of life • Denied housing • Impacted employment

  4. Brown V Board 1954 – Topeka KS School segregation overturned!

  5. Used direct, non-violent ways to fight racism and discrimination • Sit ins • Boycotts • Freedom rides Based on tactics used by Ghandi

  6. Montgomery Bus Boycott • Began with Rosa Parks refusing to give up her seat • Lasted for over one year • Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional – people began riding it again • Elevated MLK’s role in the Civil Rights

  7. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJ1OO5iBWCQ

  8. Sit-ins • Protestors remain until they were evicted • Many at white restaurants • First one in 1960 – Woolworths – four young African-Americans refused to leave • Sparked many more across the nation

  9. Freedom Ride • Spring of 1961 • Two buses from DC to New Orleans

  10. Alabama – things went awry • One bus firebombed • Mob attacks the second bus • Riders sent to jail • Kennedy – mad! Forced release from jail

  11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AHaXo6N_vh8

  12. 1962-1963 • Protests intensified! • James Meredith – wanted to go to college at University of Mississippi – all white school • WON!

  13. 1963 • MLK goes to Birmingham to protest (most segregated city in the south!) • Started non-violently • “Bull Connor” (public safety com.)– would not allow demonstrations anymore • Police dogs and fire hoses used!

  14. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o54n7HXwOhc

  15. JFK • President – Knew he had to take an active role • Declared the US had an obligation to provide equal rights

  16. March on Washington • August 28th, 1963 • Hoped for 100,000 people – it doubled that! • “I have a dream”

  17. Sixteenth Street Baptist Church • September, 1963 – Church was headquarters • Four young girls killed when bombed • Two months later JFK assassinated • Johnson sworn in

  18. Johnson • Vowed to back Kennedy • Signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 – • Banned all segregation in public places – could not discriminate on gender, age, race, religion

  19. Freedom Summer • 1964 – 1,000 volunteers went to Mississippi to register people to vote • 5 counties – black majority – people were afraid

  20. 1965 – Selma, Alabama • Protesting again • Bloody Sunday – Marchers attacked • 600 beaten and tear gassed • Johnson LIVID! • Voting Rights Act of 1965 passed – put voting into the hands now of federal government

  21. Watts Riots • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=my3doRW-HWA

  22. Malcolm X • As a teen had a rough life • Age 21 – prison converted to the Nation of Islam • Very strict • Broke away in the 1960’s and began his own organization • Very limited acceptance of whites • February 1965 – shot and killed – by members of Nation of Islam

  23. Black Panthers • Formed by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale • Formed to protect against white abuse • Believed violence was necessary • Also did a lot of good – breakfast program for poor

  24. MLK • Completely disagreed with “black power” • April 3, 1968 – Shot and killed while talking to sanitation workers • James Earle Ray - charged

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